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An Insight Into The Z-number Approach To CWW

Pal S.K., Banerjee R., Dutta S., Sarma S. S.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2013

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Vol. 124, nr 1/2

197--229

EN

The Z-number is a new fuzzy-theoretic concept, proposed by Zadeh in 2011. It extends the basic philosophy of Computing With Words (CWW) to include the perception of uncertainty of the information conveyed by a natural language statement. The Z-number thus, serves as a model of linguistic summarization of natural language statements, a technique to merge human-affective perspectives with CWW, and consequently can be envisaged to play a radical role in the domain of CWW-based system design and Natural Language Processing (NLP). This article presents a comprehensive investigation of the Z-number approach to CWW. We present here: a) an outline of our understanding of the generic architecture, algorithm and challenges underlying CWW in general; b) a detailed study of the Z-number methodology - where we propose an algorithm for CWW using Z-numbers, define a Z-number based operator for the evaluation of the level of requirement satisfaction, and describe simulation experiments of CWW utilizing Z-numbers; and c) analyse the strengths and the challenges of the Z-numbers, and suggest possible solution strategies. We believe that this article would inspire research on the need for inclusion of human-behavioural aspects into CWW, as well as the integration of CWW and NLP.

2

Heat transfer analysis inside a duct under laminar flow condition using variational method

Banerjee M. K., Banerjee R.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 13, no 4

889-901

EN

When a fluid flows through a pipe line, the velocity and temperature distribution across the pipe cross section is required to be determined in order to properly utilize the fluid and its associated energy in a process plant. In the present paper, a variational method has been used to determine this distribution in a pipeline of rectangular as well as square cross section under laminar condition. The mathematical equations have been developed describing the velocity and temperature distributions under two cases. In the first case, the heat flow rate is taken to be uniform along the axial direction and in the second case, the wall temperature has been taken to be uniform. In both the cases, the velocity and temperature distribution curves have been drawn from the mathematical equations derived. The distribution curves are presented for a variety of thermal boundary conditions around the periphery of the duct cross section.

3

A finite difference method to find velocity and temperature distribution for parallel plate channel

Banerjee M. K., Banerjee R.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2008

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Vol. 13, no 4

875-887

EN

The continuity equation and the simplified version of the time dependent boundary layer momentum and energy equations are solved simultaneously for flow between two parallel plates, using an explicit numerical procedure. Solving the three equations simultaneously eliminates the need to assume the shape of the velocity and temperature profiles. Furthermore, this approach provides a picture of the variation of the velocity and temperature within the entire channel. The steady-state solution is obtained by letting time become very large. The shape of the velocity and temperature profiles seems to be consistent with theoretical expectations. The velocity and temperature profiles become fully developed at approximately x/a=0,05 Re for Pr=l, as expected.

4

Analysis of incompressible viscous flow through an inclined channel with isothermal walls using second law of thermodynamics

Banerjee M. K., Banerjee R.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 12, no 4

919-928

EN

In this paper, the second law analysis of alaminar flow of a viscous incompressible fluid through an inclined channel with isothermal walls is investigated. Based on some simplifying assumptions, analytical solutions for the fluid velocity and temperature are constructed. The expressions for the entropy generation rate and irreversibility ratio are obtained and the results are presented graphically and discussed quantitatively for several values of the group parameter [...].