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3 Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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Prognosis of energetic compounds stability in solid phase

Manelis G. B., Nazin G. M., Prokudin V. G.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2009

Vol. 6, nr 1

31-44

Results of the analysis and specification of phenomenological models of the monomolecular reactions running homogeneously in volume of undisturbed crystal lattice or localized on its defects are presented. It is shown, that within the limits of these models it is possible to calculate with satisfactory accuracy the ratio of rate constants in liquid and solid phases KT = kliq/ksol, and thus on known kliq to predict ksol, describing stability of substance.

Ammonium nitrate phase state stabilization with small amounts of some organic compounds

Golovina N., Nechiporenko G., Nemtsev G., Zyuzin I., Manelis G. B., Lempert D.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2009

Vol. 6, nr 1

45-56

The investigation considers phase stabilization of ammonium nitrate for considerable extension of its application area including new generation of gas-generating compositions for airbag inflators. It was shown that alloys of ammonium nitrate with small amounts (2-10%) of some organic compounds can have no phase transitions or at least have only one instead of three ones in initial ammonium nitrate. The mostly effective as stabilizers are the compounds that have rather close crystallographic parameters. A strong donor-acceptor interaction between nitrate-anion and organic molecules are found. Using quantum-chemical calculations, X-ray analysis, X-ray phase analysis, UV- and IR-spectroscopy it was found a new ammonium nitrate phase state in its alloy with some organic additives. This state is stable in temperature range between -50 and +100 C.

Energetic Characteristics of Solid Composite Propellants and Ways for Energy Increasing

Lempert D. B., Nechiporenko G. N., Manelis G. B.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2006

Vol. 3, nr 4

73-87

Energetic characteristics of solid composite propellants of different type and application are described - metal-free compositions containing an oxidizer and a fuel-binder only; compositions containing additionally an energetic compound (Al, Be, Mg, B), metal hydrides (AlH3, BeH2, BxNyHz). A considerable attention is attracted to analysis of oxidizers (ammonium perchlorate, hydroxylammonium perchlorate, ammonium dinitramide etc) because oxidizer occupies the greatest mass fraction in propellant and mostly that is the oxidizer that determines energetic characteristics of the propellant. The main principles of the using of different kinds of binder are considered. It was shown that the competence to choose the binder to the given oxidizer can increase considerably the energetic characteristics even without creation of new compounds. Ways to optimize solid composite propellants destined for missile complexes of different mass characteristics are described. Different ways to further development of solid composite propellants are presented - optimization of formulations basing on accessible components; creation of new more effective binders, having additional functions of oxidizer or gasifying component etc. Ecological problems of solid composite propellants are also a topic of the paper. Ways to decrease ecological danger while solid composite propellants using are investigated.