Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Statistical optimization of the synthesis of plant-derived fatty acid esters of TMP over homogeneous organometallic tin catalyst

Nowicki J., Drabik J., Stańczyk D., Mosio-Mosiewski J., Woszczyński P.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2018

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Vol. 20, nr 2

61--70

EN

A class of very important industrial-grade biolubricants was synthesized from plant-derived fatty acids (oleic and isostearic acid) by direct esterifi cation of trimethylolpropane according to novel effective and high selective method using Sn bis(2-ethylhexanoate) as catalyst. Model transesterifi cation reactions were performed with oleic and isostearic acids to optimize the reaction conditions to obtain maximum content of TMP triesters. Used specifi c homogeneous Sn catalyst allows to obtain TMP esters with very high content of triesters, above of 94 wt% without deep vacuum purifying distillation. Both TMP esters were evaluated for their physicochemical and tribological properties using ASTM standards. Both TMP esters exhibited high viscosity indexes and excellent low temperature properties.

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Porównawcza ocena podatności na biodegradację środków smarnych w środowisku

Szwach I., Kozupa K., Woszczyński P., Semeniuk I.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2016

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T. 95, nr 11

2342--2347

PL

Dokonano analizy porównawczej wyników badania podatności środków smarnych na rozkład biologiczny w środowisku naturalnym uzyskanych w warunkach testów CEC L-33-A93(U) i CEC L-103-12 proponowanych przez Europejską Radę Koordynacyjną ds. Rozwoju Metod Badań Paliw, Środków Smarowych i Innych Płynów (CEC). Wykonano badania oleju referencyjnego zalecanego przez tę Radę dla obu metod oraz dwóch bazowych olejów mineralnych. Wyniki uzyskane dla oleju referencyjnego nie różnią się w sposób statystycznie istotny dla poziomu ufności 0,99%. W teście CEC L-103-12 uzyskano wyższy stopień biodegradacji olejów mineralnych.

EN

Two base mineral oils were studied for biodegradability by European std. methods (detection by IR spectrometry and gas chromatog.) and compared with results for a ref. oil. The gas chromatog. was found more efficient.

3

Metody badań niejednorodności energetycznej powierzchni katalizatorów i adsorbentów

Woszczyński P.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2013

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[Z] 67, 7-8

635--664

EN

The knowledge of the properties and a surface structure of catalysts and adsorbents is of great importance in the selection of these materials to the relevant objectives. Interesting structural information can be obtained in many ways, for example: with the use of spectroscopic or microscopic techniques or in direct examination of the adsorption isotherms. This article focuses on these last-mentioned methods, which can be a source of information on energy heterogeneity of the catalyst or adsorbent surface. Heterogeneity is usually determined by measuring adsorption isotherms of a selected adsorbate on the examined adsorbent, which is dependent of adsorbate coverage on the adsorbent relative to the equilibrium pressure under isothermal conditions. Among the many mathematical models describing this relationship particularly interesting is the adsorption isotherm model described by generalized integral Fredholm equation. The solution of this equation is density function with the assumed local isotherm model. There are different ways to solve the Fredholm equation, depending on measurement methods of obtained adsorption isotherms. For example, an application of static techniques (gravimetric or volumetric) needs to use advanced, sophisticated numerical methods for directly solving integral equations, other techniques (e.g. such as calorimetric or chromatographic) provide specific values that simplify these calculations. The resulting energy density function allows to observe active centers as peaks or inflections of the curve on the energy spectrum graph.