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Review of ocean wave’s uncertainties for navigators

Žiha Kalman

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2024

Vol. 18 No. 4

873--882

The uncertainties of marine environments lastingly challenge navigation and safety of sea transportation. Therefore, the article tackles the extraction, assessment, and analysis as well as the perceptive presentations of probabilistic uncertainties of the random wind waves ocean-wide. The link of the probabilistic uncertainties and statistical variabilities is accomplished in the article by using the reported Global Wave Statistics of coherent and controlled wind wave data visually observed from ships in normal service. The probabilistic uncertainty is defined in the information theory most coherently with the human experience of randomness by the information entropy. The article reveals expressions, tables, graphs, and charts of information entropy which objectively express the uncertainties of observed wind wave directions, heights, and periods in all principal ocean areas. The combinations of areal entropy provide uncertainties of wider ocean zones, sectors, and shipping routes for the assessment of all-around exposures of ships and other objects in service at seas to random wind wave effects appropriately to sea-men’s experience of randomness.