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EN
Ultrasonic irradiation is one of the advanced oxidation methods used in wastewater treatment. In this study, ultrasonic treatment of petroleum refinery effluent was examined. An ultrasonic homogenizator with a 20 kHz frequency and an ultrasonic bath with a 42 kHz frequency were used as a source for ultrasound. The effects of parameters such as ZnO amount, ozone saturation time, and type of ultrasound source on the degradation of petroleum refinery effluent were investigated. The degradation of petroleum refinery effluent was measured as a change in initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) and with time. According to the results, degradation increased with the addition of ZnO in an ultrasonic probe. There was also a positive effect of ozone saturation before sonication then applying ultrasound on the degradation for an ultrasonic probe. It was observed that there was no positive effect of ZnO addition and ozone saturation on degradation for an ultrasonic bath.
EN
In this study, ultrasonic treatment of baker’s yeast effluent was investigated in an ultrasonic homogenizer emitting waves at 20 kHz. The SnO2 /TiO2  composites were used as a sonocatalyst to assist the sonication process. Decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of baker’s yeast effluent with ultrasonic irradiation was examined. The effect of the composite preparation method, the molar ratio of SnO2 /TiO2  mixing time while the composite was prepared, the calcination temperature and time, the catalyst amount were investigated. The decolorization was higher at a 4:1 molar ratio of the SnO2 /TiO2  composite prepared by using an ultrasonic probe and 6 min ultrasonic irradiation time. The decolorization increased, with an increase in the calcination temperature. The optimum calcination time was 60 min and catalyst amount was 0.2 g/l. According to the results, decolorization rate was 26.63% using this composite. There was no COD removal at the studied conditions.
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