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Deformations of soil masses under the action of human-induced factors

Kuzlo Mykola, Moshynskyi Viktor, Zhukovska Nataliia, Zhukovskyy Viktor

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

2024

T. 14, nr 1

111--114

Significant changes in the stress-strain state cause a change in the soil profile of the massif, which is affected by various physical and chemical factors. In particular, groundwater filtration, mass transfer, heat transfer, dissolution and leaching of soil masses. This can lead to various types of accidents. Therefore, the study of the stress-strain state of the soil massif is an important topic. Nonlinear dependences in the form of polynomials of the modulus of deformation and Lame coefficients on the concentration of salt solutions and their temperature have been received in this research based on experimental research and their statistical processing. This allowed improving the mathematical model of the stress-strain state of the soil taking into account the nonlinear deformation processes occurring in the soil masses under the presence and filtration of saline solutions in non-isothermal conditions.

Znaczące zmiany stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego powodują zmianę profilu glebowego masywu, na który wpływają różne czynniki fizyczne i chemiczne. W szczególności filtracja wód gruntowych, przenikanie masy, przenoszenie ciepła, rozpuszczanie i wymywanie mas glebowych. Może to prowadzić do różnego rodzaju wypadków. Dlatego ważnym tematem jest badanie stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego masywu glebowego. W niniejszych badaniach otrzymano nieliniowe zależności w postaci wielomianów modułu odkształcenia i współczynników Lame’a od stężenia roztworów soli i ich temperatury w oparciu o badania eksperymentalne i ich obróbkę statystyczną. Pozwoliło to na udoskonalenie modelu matematycznego stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego gruntu uwzględniającego nieliniowe procesy odkształceń zachodzących w masach gruntu pod wpływem obecności i filtracji roztworów soli w warunkach nieizotermicznych.

Applied Aspects of Humus Balance Modelling in the Rivne Region of Ukraine

Skrypchuk Petro, Zhukovskyy Viktor, Shpak Halyna, Zhukovska Nataliia, Krupko Halyna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 6

42--52

The balance calculations in agriculture are the basis for assessing the value of land and determining how to use it effectively. Replenishing the humus balance in soils is a long and multifactorial process, and therefore requires considerable expenditures to control it. Therefore, scientists pay particular attention to the benefits and the need to create geoinformation portals, first and foremost, in the agricultural sector in order to create effective market-based tools for balancing soil quality. However, today Ukraine has little experience in creating portals and software for the implementation of soil fertility balance calculations in the online system for the purpose of organizing organic land use. The article deals with the methods of humus balance calculation and the formulation of the humus balance calculation task, which will take into account regional peculiarities of Ukraine’s Rivne region with the possibility of scaling to other areas. A mathematical model of the corresponding problem using differential equations was constructed. A numerical solution was found and implemented as the e-calculator module of online information system. The integration of IT technologies with the example of humus balance e-calculator for organic land use will allow crop rotations modeling and volumes of organic fertilizer application to stabilize or improve the soil quality. The main task of the calculator was to provide specific recommendations for the land plot on the efficiency of its use. In addition, the information system provided the background information on the economic efficiency of the transition to organic farming, certification, processing and marketing rules. The user can independently specify the order of crops cultivation in rotation, the amount of organic fertilizer application and as a result will receive the possible variants of the total humus content in the soil, for different volumes of application of organic fertilizers (biohumus) using the e-calculator of humus balance. The testing and verification of the e-calculator was carried out on the last 40 years data of the Rivne branch of the Soils Protection Institute of Ukraine, taking into account the cultivated crops, the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers.