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Synthesis and Characterization of Slag-Sludge-Based Eco-Friendly Materials – Industrial Implications

Lagrani Saadia, Aziz Ayoub, Bellil Abdelilah, Felaous Khadija, Achab Mohammed, Fekhaoui Mohamed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 1

227--238

Currently in Morocco, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) generate huge quantities of sludge from wastewater treatment. This sludge is a real concern for the environment. No regulatory text takes into account the future and management of sludge, its use in agriculture is not officially authorized and the solutions currently implemented for its elimination or recovery are done on an ad hoc basis and pose a number of difficulties for operators. The objective of the present study is to investigate the stabilization and solidification of a geopolymer based on sewage sludge and blast furnace slag (slag), as well as the possibility to use this geopolymer as a thermal insulation material. The sludge used comes from the AIN AOUDA-activated sludge type WWTP, the collected sludge is dehydrated and stabilized by slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) in the sludge treatment process. The blast furnace slag (slag) came from the plant in France. Four samples were prepared by substituting the slag with quantities (10 to 40%) of limed sludge, a quantity of sand, and a solution of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide used as an alkaline activator. The effect of limed sludge on the physicochemical and microstructural properties of the synthesized geopolymers was evaluated using several analytical techniques, such as compressive strength, P-wave velocity, density and porosity tests, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the addition of 10 to 40% of limed sludge resulted in a progressive decrease in the compressive strength of the synthesized geopolymer and an increase in the thermal conductivity, which allows the use of the synthesized geopolymer as a material.

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Medical Solid Waste Leachate: Case of the Hospital de l'Amitié of Nouakchott, Mauritania

Ammar Mohamed Bouna, Dick Brahim Ahmed, Sidi Yahya Maham Ould, Dieh H., Mohamed L. S., Lemine Y. M., Sadegh Vadly, Fekhaoui Mohamed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 8

181--186

At the Hospital de l'Amitié, hospital waste corresponds to a mixture of waste assimilated to household waste and the waste from healthcare activities with infectious risks. In the context of hospital hygiene, the conducted study focuses on the impact of this hospital waste on the people of the Hospital de l'Amitié and the environment, and their handling of hospital waste (collection and transport). From an environmental point of view, the physico-chemical characterization of the leachate leaving submerged waste in three media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water) show high concentrations for most of the parameters studied. Physico-chemical characterization of solid waste from Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) was carried out from September to December 2020. The objective was to determine the value of 14 parameters (pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, COD, BOD5, COD/BOD5, BOD5/COD, SS/BOD5, SS, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate and phosphorus), and improve the treatment method for this solid waste by immersing it in three different mediums (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water). Among the 14 parameters, seven exceeded the Moroccan and WHO standards for medium 1, 2 and 3 respectively, conductivity (5340.00 μs/cm, 5820.00 μs/cm and 3550.00 μs/cm), BOD5 (122.00 mg/L, 106.00 mg/L and 142.00 mg/L), BOD5/COD (2.30, 1.93 and 2.88), SS (1000.00 mg/L, 600.00 mg/L and 600.00 mg/L), nitrite (0.91 mg/L, 25.00 mg/L and 45.00 mg/L), nitrate (210.00 mg/L, 200.00 mg/L and 110.00 mg/L) and sulfate (1000.00 mg/L, 2000.00 mg/L and 1000.00 mg/L). These results indicate the existence of toxic substances in these leachates that may impact the environment. In addition, the study proposes solid waste treatment from the Hospital de l'Amitié in Nouakchott (Mauritania) before its discharge into the natural environment. This observation is consolidated by the analyses carried out on the leachate of the waste immersed in three aqueous media (drinking water, distilled water and alcoholic distilled water).