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Application of QUAL2K Model for Simulating Water Quality in Hilla River, Iraq

Al-Dalimy Shahad Z., Al-Zubaidi Hussein A. M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 6

272--280

The quality of the water in Iraq’s Hilla River has been severely degraded as a result of human activities and industrial development. The QUAL2K model, a widely used one-dimensional water quality model, was used to simulate the river’s water quality parameter of CBODu and DO utilizing river and point-source flows rate as well as quality of water metrics observed along the river. Despite a severe lack of data in the research region, the QUAL2K model was determined to be an adequate instrument for the evaluation of quality of water. Simulated results of DO, BOD5, and temperature for the period (October 2022) showed the robustness of the model. Results showed that the two parameters (CBOD and DO) ranged between (9.5 and 10.65) mg/L and between (1.425 and 3.075) mg/L, respectively. Based on statistics, good agreement was found between the model predictions and field data. Thus, using QUAL2K model is an effective tool to manage the river water quality.

One-Dimensional Model Predictions of Carbonaceous Biological Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen for Hilla River Water Quality, Iraq

Al-Dalimy Shahad Z., Al-Zubaidi Hussein A. M.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 7

258--265

The water quality of the Hilla River, located in Iraq, has been varying due to the presence of different illegal point and non-points sources along the river stream. This study highlighted the carbonaceous biological oxygen demand (CBOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels for safe usage by applying the river and stream water quality model called QUẠL2K model, depending on the hydraulic and water quality data collected along 6.8 km passing through the main city (Hilla City) on October 2022 (low flow season) and January 2023 (high flow season). The modeling results showed that the simulated predictions are in good agreement with field data. The outputs revealed the two parameters (CBOD and DO) ranged between (1.425–3.075) mg/L and (9.5–10.65) mg/L, respectively, during low flow season and between (0.745–2) mg/L and (9.5–10.5) mg/L, respectively, during high flow season. The river CBOD levels along the river follow same pattern during the high and low flow seasons, but the DO levels behaved inversely. However, both parameters were within the acceptable limits. Thus, the river health can be considered good for basic human usage.