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2 Polish Journal of Chemistry

2 2006

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Solid-Liquid Equilibria in the Quaternary System NaCl-KCl-NH4Cl-H2O

Farelo F.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2006

Vol. 80, nr 1

161-172

The mixture parameters of themole-fractionmodel of Pitzer-Simonson-Clegg pertaining to the aqueous salt pair NH4Cl + KCl were obtained by fitting the semi-empirical equations to the solid-liquid distribution data measured for KCl and NH4Cl, at 293, 313 and 333 K, as well as to experimental solubilities of NaCl in the quaternary system NaCl + KCl + NH4Cl + H2O. The fitted parameters and the solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) data were used to estimate the activity coefficients of KCl and NH4Cl in the solid phases, thus allowing the calculation of the eutonic points of the discontinuous series of solid solutions precipitated from aqueous solutions containing both chlorides.

Activity Coefficients of Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate in Aqueous Solutions with Potassium Chloride at Temperatures Between 278.15 and 298.15 K

Lopes A., Sousa P., Farelo F.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2006

Vol. 80, nr 1

153-159

The activities of the potassium salt of tartaric acid were obtained by an indirect potentiometric method that requires the presence in the solution of a second salt with a common ion and for which a specific electrode is available. In this study, KCl was used as the second electrolyte. Experimental data were obtained for KHT concentrations varying from 0.005 to 0.015 m, with concentrations in KCl ranging from 0.01 to 0.03 m between 278.15 and 298.15 K. To describe the non-ideal behaviour of the electrolytes in single-salt and in mixed systems, the molal ion-interaction model proposed by Pitzer was used.