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Total cost of ownership for real world power protection infrastructure comparing centralized vs. distributed vs. power systems

Christin J. F.

Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation. Magazine

2005

Vol. 1, nr 1

5--10

UPS manufacturers follow the IT culture, used to deal with modular and versatile equipment. A question then arises: should the power protection be distributed (installed in the rack or centralized (in an electrical room). A centralized system is faster to implement. It requires a cheaper and smaller area per kW. Rightsizing centralized power from the beginning facilitates "plug-and-play" IT installations. The efficiency is better optimized, centralized UPS having lower losses cooled by cheaper air-conditionning. A centralized UPS provides better reliability and cost / MTBF ratio: a four 25 Watts light bulbs will cost more compared to one 100 Watt light bulb. Human factor is also to consider when it comes to monitoring and maintaining UPS: distributed UPS are typically managed by IT personnel, untrained for this task. A centralized UPS with a 7x24 service adds to uptime far more than it might add to total cost of ownership. The battery also advocates for a centralized UPS: it is the weakest link in any UPS system. A centralized UPS with a single well-monitored battery allows a longer battery life expectancy. When the total costs of ownership is considered, the savings of a centralized UPS installation are considerable.