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Drug resistance profile and detection of genes responsible for methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from municipal waste

Wolny-Koładka Katarzyna

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 56

136--141

EN

Currently, we are facing the ever-increasing phenomenon of bacteria being resistant to antibiotics. It is the consequence of excessive and incorrect use of drugs. The phenomenon is a global problem affecting bacteria both in their hospital population and in the natural environment. Municipal waste is an environment conducive to the development of microorganisms, therefore it contains various groups of bacteria, including drug-resistant staphylococci. The aim of the study was to identify species of bacteria, determine their antibiotic resistance, and assess the occurrence of genes responsible for methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mixed municipal waste. Strains were isolated by Koch’s serial dilution method with the use of microbiological media. Species were identified using the MALDI TOF-MS technique, whereas the drug resistance profile was determined by disk diffusion and molecular PCR methods. 250 isolates of S. aureus were collected. The highest resistance found was to cefoxitin, erythromycin and tetracycline. Among the bacteria collected, resistance to 1, 2, 3 or 4 antibiotics at the same time was the most common, with a maximum of 10. Additionally, 45 (18%) MDR (multidrug-resistant) isolates were detected. Methicillin resistance was found by the disk diffusion test in 60 (24%) strains, while the mecA gene was detected in as many as 180 (72%) isolates.

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Analiza mikrobiologiczna powietrza klatek schodowych w blokach mieszkalnych

Wolny-Koładka Katarzyna, Sobocińska Kaja

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2023

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nr I/1

104--119

PL

Celem badań była ocena jakości mikrobiologicznej powietrza trzech klatek schodowych w blokach mieszkalnych wielorodzinnych. Badano wpływ pory roku i temperatury na liczebność oraz bioróżnorodność mikroorganizmów w bioareozolu klatek schodowych. Wszystkie badania zostały wykonane za pomocą aeroskopu MAS-100 (Merck), metodą uderzeniową. Stwierdzono przekraczające normy stężenia promieniowców oraz gronkowców w powietrzu atmosferycznym oraz powietrzu wybranych klatek schodowych. Pora roku oraz temperatura powietrza mają wpływ na stężenie mikroorganizmów w powietrzu. Wiek budynku, dostępność światła oraz system wentylacji mogą mieć również wpływ na stężenie wskaźników czystości mikrobiologicznej powietrza.

EN

The aim of the study was to assess the microbiological air quality in three staircases of multifamily residential buildings. The study examined influence of season and air temperature on the abundance and biodiversity of microorganisms in the bioaerosol of stairwells. All studies were conducted using an impact method with the MAS-100 aerosol sampler (Merck). Concentrations of actinomycetes and staphylococci in both atmospheric air and selected stairwells exceeded norms. Season and air temperature have an impact on microbial concentrations in the air. The age of the building, light availability and ventilation conditions were also identified as potential factors influencing the concentration of specific microbial groups in the bioaerosol.

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Effect of soil application of zeolite-carbon composite, leonardite and lignite on the microorganisms

Wolny-Koładka Katarzyna, Marcińska-Mazur Lidia, Jarosz Renata, Juda Michał, Lošák Tomáš, Mierzwa-Hersztek Monika

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2022

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Vol. 29, nr 4

553--563

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mineral-organic mixture on changes in the abundance of selected soil microorganisms. The experiment contained: soil with NPK (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus) + 3 % or 6 % lignite (MF+CW3 %, MF+CW6 %) and 3 % zeolite-carbon composite (NaX-C); soil with NPK + 3 % or 6 % leonardite (MF+CL3 %, MF+CL6 %) and 3 % NaX-C; soil without fertilisation (C); soil fertilised with mineral NPK fertilisers (MF). Plants participating in the experiment were spring wheat and spring oilseed rape. The presence of the selected microorganisms was determined: Azotobacter spp., actinomycetes, ammonifiers, bacteria and mold fungi. Using Koch’s serial dilution method, the abundance of selected soil microorganisms was performed. The conducted research allows to conclude that the abundance of detected microorganisms depended on both the applied fertilisation and the plant grown. For the spring oilseed rape, the highest abundance of microorganisms was determined in treatments where fertilisation with lignite mixtures was applied, while for spring wheat, with leonardite mixtures. Increasing (from 3 % to 6 %) the share of lignite and leonardite in fertiliser mixtures did not translate into a proportional growth in the abundance of microorganisms, so such a treatment has no economic justification. Given their alkaline pH, the mixtures used can be a substitute for calcium fertilisers to improve soil properties and, consequently, protect soil organic matter from degradation.