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The use of new materials in the production of scoliosis braces

Wright M., Douderova M.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2008

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Vol. 11, no. 77-80

3--5

EN

Scoliosis is defined as a lateral curvature of the spine [1], the presence of which is abnormal. The term scoliosis is derived from the Greek word for curvature [2]. It can give the body a disfigured appearance because when the spine bends to the side, the vertebrae become twisted and pull the ribs round with them, which sometimes form a “hump” on the back and cause protrusion of the shoulder blade. At present, there are two options in the treatment of scoliosis (bracing or surgery) [3]. The current practice to prevent curves from getting worse is to wear a brace. However, due to present materials and manufacturing methods, braces tend to be heavy and bulky and wearing a brace for a self-conscious teenager is not an easy treatment. This paper presents the main findings of research and analysis conducted on other materials which are potentially suitable for spinal brace production. It concludes that with the use of a new materials and manufacturing method the production of a more user-friendly brace is possible.

2

Human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells in cultures on carbon fibre-reinforced carbon composites coated with zirconium nitride

Paul J., Bacakova L., Douderova M., Stary V., Vyskocil J., Lisa V., Ślósarczyk A., Zima A.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2007

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Vol. 10, no. 67-68

5-8

EN

Zirconium nitride is considered as a promising material for strengthening for surface of various materials, especially those designed for hard tissue surgery. In this study, five groups of materials were prepared: non-modified carbon fibre-reinforced carbon composites (CFRC), CFRC ground with metallographic paper, non-ground CFRC with a layer of ZrN deposited by magnetron sputtering, ground CFRC with a ZrN layer deposited by the arc technique, and ground CFRC with a ZrN layer deposited by a magnetron. We found that all samples gave good support for the adhesion and growth of human-osteoblast-like MG 63 cells, though the cell numbers on these materials were often lower than on standard cell culture polystyrene dishes and microscopic glass coverslips. Nevertheless, ZrN films can be considered as suitable materials for surface modification of bone implants in order to improve their mechanical properties and their integration with the surrounding tissue.

3

The study of the surface properties of C/C composites

Tolde Z., Stary V., Douderova M.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2006

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R. 9, nr 58-60

16-17

4

3D evaluation of the surface roughness using stereo images made in SEM - influence on osteoblast cell growth

Douderova M., Stary V., Tolde Z., Bacakova L.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2006

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R. 9, nr 58-60

13-14

5

Influence of surface properties of carbon based materials on cell spreading

Douderova M., Bacakova L., Stary V.

Inżynieria Biomateriałów

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2004

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R. 7, nr 37

17-17

EN

Carbon materials are generally well tolerated by animal cells. The possibility of applying carbon fiber reinforced carbon (CFRC) composite materials is given by their excellent biocompatibility and porosity, coupled with a modulus which can be tailored to be similar to that of bone. This makes them an attractive material for bone plates and implants in orthopaedic and dental surgery. It is known that the volume properties of a material usually have little or no influence on the surrounding living tissue cells. In general, biocompatibility is controlled mainly by the interface between biomaterial and living tissue cells. The literature and our study indicate that the interaction at the interface is specifically controlled by the surface morphology (i.e. especially by surface roughness), and by the chemical state of the surface - by hydrophobia (wettability), free chemical bonds and present chemical groups, etc. Never-theless, biocompatibility can be improved by a suitable change of these parameters. There are several possible methods for influencing the roughness and chemical state of the surface. One way to change the surface properties is by preparing a suitable coating. The properties of the surface are controlled by process technology, and the grinding and polishing of the substrate can be used for roughness control. Till now we studied the influence of the surface on the cell adhesion and on the rate of the cell growth. There, we have studied the influence of a surface coating of CFRC using a several types of layers on the base of carbon. In our present contribution we continue in this work using the surfaces of CFRC in native and polished states, both covered by layers of amorphous carbon, or titanium with carbon or pyrolitic graphite. The vascular smooth muscle cells were grown on these surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to find the influence of the surface on the important parameter of tissue cell growth - the spreading of cells. The main topic of this work is therefore the measurement and statistical evaluation of the cell area on the various types of surfaces. It will be shown, that the cell spreading is strongly influenced by various surface roughness and also its chemical state.