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Optimization of the loading pattern of the PWR core using genetic algorithms and multi-purpose fitness function

Kubiński Wojciech, Darnowski Piotr, Chęć Kamil

Nukleonika

2021

Vol. 66, No. 4

147--151

The study demonstrates an application of genetic algorithms (GAs) in the optimization of the first core loading pattern. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) BEAVRS pressurized water reactor (PWR) model was applied with PARCS nodal-diffusion core simulator coupled with GA numerical tool to perform pattern selection. In principle, GAs have been successfully used in many nuclear engineering problems such as core geometry optimization and fuel confi guration. In many cases, however, these analyses focused on optimizing only a single parameter, such as the effective neutron multiplication factor (keff), and often limited to the simplified core model. On the contrary, the GAs developed in this work are equipped with multiple-purpose fitness function (FF) and allow the optimization of more than one parameter at the same time, and these were applied to a realistic full-core problem. The main parameters of interest in this study were the total power peaking factor (PPF) and the length of the fuel cycle. The basic purpose of this study was to improve the economics by finding longer fuel cycle with more uniform power/flux distribution. Proper FFs were developed, tested, and implemented and their results were compared with the reference BEAVRS first fuel cycle. In the two analysed test scenarios, it was possible to extend the fi rst fuel cycle while maintaining lower or similar PPF, in comparison with the BEAVRS core, but for the price of increased initial reactivity.

Application of genetic algorithms in optimization of SFR nuclear reactor design

Żurkowski Wojciech, Sawicki Piotr, Kubiński Wojciech, Darnowski Piotr

Nukleonika

2021

Vol. 66, No. 4

139--145

This work presents a demonstrational application of genetic algorithms (GAs) to solve sample optimization problems in the generation IV nuclear reactor core design. The new software was developed implementing novel GAs, and it was applied to show their capabilities by presenting an example solution of two selected problems to check whether GAs can be used successfully in reactor engineering as an optimization tool. The 3600 MWth oxide core, which was based on the OECD/NEA sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) benchmark, was used a reference design [1]. The first problem was the optimization of the fuel isotopic inventory in terms of minimizing the volume share of long-lived actinides, while maximizing the effective neutron multiplication factor. The second task was the optimization of the boron shield distribution around the reactor core to minimize the sodium void reactivity effect (SVRE). Neutron transport and fuel depletion simulations were performed using Monte Carlo neutron transport code SERPENT2. The simulation resulted in an optimized fuel mixture composition for the selected parameters, which demonstrates the functionality of the algorithm. The results show the efficiency and universality of GAs in multidimensional optimization problems in nuclear engineering.