The study of metallic low-dimensional nanoscale systems requires the generation of ultra-small structures. We demonstrate the feasibility of the formation of metallic wires of arbitrary shape with a lateral width below 10 nm and a thickness from one to several monolayers using a combination of electron beam lithography in ultra-high vacuum and tunnelling microscopy. These methods can be easily combined with surfaces structured by self-organization. As an example, a system consisting of Pb on Si(557) is discussed. It exhibits quasi one-dimensional conduction properties already with one Pb monolayer, which undergoes a temperature-driven structural phase transition, switching the system between high and low conductance anisotropy.
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