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Fallout 137Cs and natural 40K as tracers of topsoil development during slope processes – a case study from the Daugai environs, Southern Lithuania

Bauziene I., Mazeika J., Skuratovic Z.

Geochronometria

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2013

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Vol. 40, no. 2

126--133

EN

Investigations of soil erosion by 137Cs method brings uncertainties of different nature. The estimation of the 137Cs local inventory is associated with problems of data comparison and instrumen-tal errors. In order to avoid systematic errors, the rate of soil erosion determined by the 137Cs method is compared with the values obtained for other radioactive elements. Soil parameters must be regard-ed too. The aim of the work was to test the character of 137Cs and 40K distribution in the topsoil verti-cal section for determination erosion-accumulation type and ratio in different time spans. The topsoil thickened by different types of erosion-accumulation processes was sampled at a 2-3 cm interval. Soil samples were analysed by means of scintillation gamma spectrometry. The relationship between 137Cs and 40K inventories was weakest in the topsoil formed by mixing of soil material during the installa-tion of artificial drains. Based on climatic characteristics, variations of theoretical soil accumulation rate in the last 50 years were calculated for the topsoil accumulated predominantly by water erosion. 40K and 137Cs correlation in the bottom of vertical section of topsoil or arable horizon are closest and this section may be used as a complementary parameter determining the local inventory value

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Geomorfologiczno - sedymentologiczne skutki zasiedlenia Pojezierza Litewskiego na przykładzie okolic średniowiecznego grodziska Urdomin (Rudamina) : wstępne wyniki badań

Szwarczewski P., Mazeika J., Guobytė R.

Landform Analysis

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2008

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Vol. 9

319--323

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Carbon-14 in tree rings in the vicinity of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant, Lithuania

Mazeika J., Petrosius R., Pukiene R.

Geochronometria

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2007

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Vol. 28

31-37

EN

The results of 14C measurements in the annual tree rings from the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) vicinity, Lithuania, for the period of its operation from 1984 to 2002 are presented. The terrestrial samples, mainly moss and related topsoil, are studied in places as well. The tree rings have shown the slightly enhanced 14C activity due to operation of the nuclear power plant. The maximal calculated normalized 14C release of 11 TBq/GWe/year and the maximal effective dose of 2.0×10-3 mSv/year resulting from the 14C were estimated for 1999. The excess of 14C specific activity measured in the moss and soil samples from moss-covered sites near the nuclear power plant (up to 0.5 km) showed highly elevated 14C contents (up to 813 pMC), probably indicating releases of the particulate material.

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Water system of the lake Druksiai Transboundary Catchment under anthropogenic pressure

Mazeika J., Taminskas J.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

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2005

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Vol. 18

71-78

EN

The study is devoted to evaluations of surface water and groundwater balance and interaction in the transboundary catchment of Lake Druksiai, which is located in the northeastern Lithuania and includes adjacent territories of Belarus and Latvia. The water resources (both surface and groundwater) of the catchment have been and are intensively exploited. The catchment is exposed to severe anthropogenic pressures due to urbanisation, industrialisation and, on a smaller scale, to agricultural development. These pressures manifest themselves mainly as thermal load originated from Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) cooling system, and as nutrient load originated from municipal (Visaginas town) waste water treatment plant as well as chemical pollution of the lake from point and non point sources. From the hydrogeological point of view, Lake Druksiai catchment belongs to the eastern part of Baltic artesian basin. Groundwater does not influence significantly the water exchange in the lake (water exchange coefficient in respect to unconfined groundwater equal to 0.009). However, groundwater particularly of confined Upper-Middle Devonian aquifer is the basic source of water supply in the region and indirectly became most significant chain of nutrient transport to the lake after being used in household needs and in INPP.

PL

Praca poświęcona jest ocenie bilansu wód powierzchniowych i podziemnych w transgranicznej zlewni jeziora Druksiai, znajdującej się w północno-wschodniej Litwie i obejmującej także przyległe obszary Białorusi i Łotwy. Zasoby tych wód były i są intensywnie eksploatowane. Zlewnia podlega silnej antropopresji z powodu urbanizacji i uprzemysłowienia oraz w mniejszym zakresie z powodu rozwoju rolnictwa. Ta presja powodowana jest głównie przez gorące wody pochodzące z chłodzenia elektrowni atomowej w Ignalinie, przez zanieczyszczenia wypływające z miejskiej oczyszczalni ścieków (miasto Visaginas) oraz przez zanieczyszczenia chemiczne pochodzące ze źródeł punktowych i rozproszonych. Z hydrogeologicznego punktu widzenia zlewnia jeziora Druksiai należy do wschodniej części bałtyckiego basenu artezyjskiego. Wody podziemne nie wpływają poważniej na wymianę wód jeziora (współczynnik wymiany tych wód z nie izolowanymi wodami podziemnymi wynosi 0,009). Z drugiej strony wody podziemne, pochodzące zwłaszcza z izolowanego zbiornika górnego środkowego dewonu, są głównym źródłem zaopatrzenia całego regionu w wodę i w ten sposób pośrednio stają się najważniejszym nośnikiem dostarczanych do jeziora składników organicznych, pochodzących z gospodarstw domowych, jak i gorących wód z ignalińskiej elektrowni atomowej.