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Influence of body posture on foot load distribution in young school-age children

Wojtków M., Szkoda-Poliszuk K., Szotek S.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 2

101--107

EN

Young school-age children are particularly prone to postural defects because they are in a period of development of the spine that is exposed to a number of factors impairing its normal growth. A change in the shape of the spinal column causes a shift in the centre of gravity. Therefore, this study attempted to assess the influence of body posture on distribution of the load transferred by the lower limbs. Methods: For each of the examined children, this study determined the parameters describing the body posture with the use of the photogrammetric method and the parameters describing plantar force distribution. The statistical analyses were performed using the U Mann– Whitney test and the student’s t-test. The correlations between the parameters of the body posture and the parameters describing the foot load distribution were analysed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. These analyses were performed at a statistically significant level of p < 0.05. Results: The tests conducted showed an occurrence of postural defects in about 42% of the subjects and excessively uneven loading of the lower limbs in about 65% of the children. Conclusions: The authors obtained a medium intensity correlation between the analysed parameters for the groups of boys and girls.

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Biomechanics of diving: the influence of the swimming speed on the kinematics of lower limbs of professional divers

Wojtków M., Nikodem A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 4

117--125

EN

The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the swimming speed during diving on the biomechanical parameters describing the movement of selected measurement points of the lower limb in professional divers. Methods: The study involved a group of 4 professional divers whose movement was recorded during underwater swimming at slow (approx. 0.4 m · s–1), medium (approx. 0.5 m · s–1), and fast (approx. 0.8 m · s–1) pace. Results: During swimming at medium speed, the divers made a smaller displacement (along the axes Y) of the midpoint of fin than during swimming at fast speed. The range of motion in the ankle joint increased in fast speed in comparison with low and medium swimming speed. The same relationship was noted for the obtained velocity and angular acceleration in the hip, knee and ankle joints. The authors observed that during swimming at slow pace the divers choose movement ensuring high swimming comfort while the efficiency of motion is a secondary factor. On the other hand, during swimming at higher pace, the applied movement pattern ensures far greater efficiency rather than swimming comfort. Conclusion: The conducted analysis showed that divers adjust the movement of their lower limbs to the swimming pace.

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Ocena postawy ciała i symetrii obciążenia stóp u zawodników uprawiających strzelectwo sportowe

Wojtków M., Korcz k., Szostek S.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

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2016

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z. 10

91--98

PL

Sport od zawsze identyfikowany był jako czynnik działający prozdrowotnie na organizm. Jednak uprawianie sportu na poziomie zawodowym od najmłodszych lat, wiąże się także z negatywnymi skutkami, najczęściej dotykającymi aparat ruchu. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena wpływu wyczynowego strzelectwa sportowego na zmiany powstające w obrębie postawy ciała oraz zaburzenia w rozkładzie obciążeń przenoszonych przez kończyny dolne.

EN

Physical activities has wide range of positive effects on health, however in some cases it may cause negative influence regarding musculoskeletal system. The aim of this study was to evaluate body posture and changes in distribution of loading under the foot occurring during sport shooting.