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OECD Recommendation’s draft concerning access to research data from public funding: a review

Madeyski Lech, Lewowski Tomasz, Kitchenham Barbara

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 1

art. no. e135401

EN

Sharing research data from public funding is an important topic, especially now, during times of global emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic, when we need policies that enable rapid sharing of research data. Our aim is to discuss and review the revised Draft of the OECD Recommendation Concerning Access to Research Data from Public Funding. The Recommendation is based on ethical scientific practice, but in order to be able to apply it in real settings, we suggest several enhancements to make it more actionable. In particular, constant maintenance of provided software stipulated by the Recommendation is virtually impossible even for commercial software. Other major concerns are insufficient clarity regarding how to finance data repositories in joint private-public investments, inconsistencies between data security and user-friendliness of access, little focus on the reproducibility of submitted data, risks related to the mining of large data sets, and sensitive (particularly personal) data protection. In addition, we identify several risks and threats that need to be considered when designing and developing data platforms to implement the Recommendation (e.g., not only the descriptions of the data formats but also the data collection methods should be available). Furthermore, the non-even level of readiness of some countries for the practical implementation of the proposed Recommendation poses a risk of its delayed or incomplete implementation.

2

Solving the failing track marker problem in automated guided vehicle systems–a case study

Lewowski Tomasz

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2020

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T. 10, nr 3

36--43

EN

This paper is a case study of the development of a localization and positioning subsystem of an Automated Guided Vehicle-based transportation system. The described system uses primarily RFID markers for localization. In some deployments, those markers occasionally fail, mostly due to being crushed by cargo platforms operated by a human or due to internal defects. Those failures are not common enough to warrant switching from markerbased localization to a more sophisticated technique, but they require additional effort from maintenance staff. In this case study, we present our solution to this problem – a self-tuning algorithm that is able to detect marker failures and, in most cases, keep the system operational. The paper briefly discusses business circumstances under which such a solution is reasonable and then describes in detail the entire technical process, including data acquisition, verification, algorithm development and finally, the result of deploying the system in production.

PL

Ten artykuł opisuje studium przypadku rozwoju podsystemu lokalizacji i pozycjonowania w systemie opartym na wózkach samojezdnych. Opisywany system używa markerów RFID w celu lokalizacji wózków. Markery te w niektórych wdrożeniach okazjonalnie ulegają uszkodzeniom – najczęściej mechanicznym, ze względu zgniecenia powstałe w wyniku przejechania przez platformę z ładunkiem kierowaną przez człowieka lub też wewnętrzne defekty. Uszkodzenia te występują na tyle rzadko, że nie uzasadniają zmiany sposobu lokalizacji na bardziej zaawansowany, jednakże wymagają dodatkowego wysiłku od kadry zajmującej się utrzymaniem ruchu. W tym studium przypadku opisane zostało rozwiązanie przyjęte w firmie Octant – samostrojący się algorytm wykrywający uszkodzenia markerów, w przypadku typowych uszkodzeń umożliwiający kontynuację pracy systemu. Publikacja ogólnie opisuje sytuację biznesową w której zastosowanie takiego rozwiązania jest racjonalne, a następnie opisuje szczegóły techniczne podsystemów odpowiedzialnych za ruch i pozycjonowanie pojazdu – zarówno fizycznych, jak i w zakresie oprogramowania – oraz uzasadnienia dla podjętych decyzji technicznych.

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Mutants as Patches: Towards a formal approach to Mutation Testing

Lewowski Tomasz, Madeyski Lech

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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2019

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Vol. 44, No. 4

379--405

EN

Background: Mutation testing is a widely explored technique used to evaluate the quality of software tests, but little attention has been given to its mathematical foundations. Aim: We provide a formal description of the core concepts in mutation testing, relations between them and conclusions that can be drawn from the presented model. Method: We introduce concepts of mutant space and patch space, and refer to patch merging procedure from the patch theory. We explicitly present constraints, such as location-dependence, that affect mutation operators. We also present a way to use introduced formalism with traditional operators proposed in other papers. Results: The proposed formalism allows to describe interactions between separate mutations using well-known abstract algebra notation. Conclusion: The presented formalism may substantially decrease the number of tested weak mutants and increase the number of valuable ones, while giving tools to partially address the problem of equivalent mutants, particularly for higher-order mutation testing. However, additional empirical evaluation is still needed.