Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Assessment of Diesel Particulate Matter Exposure of Underground Miners in Indonesia

Susanto A., Purwanto P., Sunoko H. R., Setiani O.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2018

|

Vol. 19, nr 4

34--42

EN

In Indonesia, there are underground mines for mineral metal such copper (Cu) and gold (Au), built by tunneling towards the mineral location. The purpose of this study was to determine the mapping a concentration of diesel particulate matter (DPM) and assess the impact on health by severity measurement of airflow obstruction of the miners experiencing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The data of DPM were measured with NIOSH method no. 5040 and applied a geostatistical method in mapping concentration at the area of underground mining. A spirometric measurement was conducted to diagnose COPD that is done to the 314 miners. The results showed that the concentrations exceeding the permissible exposure limit (PEL) and spirometric measurement were found for 26 miners (8.3%) who experience COPD (post bronchodilator <0.70). The severity measurement of airflow obstruction of the miners experiencing COPD, severity of airflow limitation for moderate (GOLD 2) was obtained for 14 miners (54%); severe (GOLD 3) for 10 miners (38%) and very severe (GOLD 4) for 2 miners (8%). It can be concluded that the amount of DPM exposure against the severity of airflow limitation with COPD by 0.03, in which the other factors also affect the severity.

2

Quantification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Recycling and Disposal in Malang City Indonesia

Sunarto S., Purwanto P., Hadi S. P.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2017

|

Vol. 18, nr 3

74--82

EN

Increased waste generation due to population growth and increasing consumption patterns cause pollution, including pollution in global scale due to the emission of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the waste in the landfill. The study purposed to analyze the GHG (Green House Gases) emission generated by solid waste management in Malang in 2012 and in the next 10 years through the application of waste recycling from upstream to downstream. The production of methane (CH4) in landfill were analyzed using the model equations developed by IPPC (2001) and the reduction of the GHG from recycling were analyzed using GHG emission factors. Dynamic model of the GHG emission was developed to analyze and to predict GHG emission from recycling and dumping activity. The GHG emissions of waste management in 2012 (Scenario 1) is 192,291.19 tCO2e and in the next 10 years is 254,548.93 tCO2e (>32.19%). Application of Scenario 2 and Scenario 3 in the next 10 years produces GHG emission 134,290.38 tCO2e (<30.16%) and 37,741.56 tCO2e (<80.37%).

3

Characteristics and Household Toxic Hazardous Waste Generation Based on Economic Status and Topographic Regions in Semarang City, Indonesia

Fikri E., Purwanto P., Sunoko H. R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2017

|

Vol. 18, nr 5

8--17

EN

Hazardous and toxic waste are not only produced by industry, but also by households. But in fact, the household activities also produce Household Toxic and Hazardous Waste (HTHW). Considering the potential of the impact of HTHW to worsening environment quality, the effort of HTHW management must have been started well. One important aspect in the management strategy is to determine the characteristics and the HTHW generation. The method used to determine the characteristics HTHW refers to SNI 19–2454–2002, while the calculation of HTHW generation refers to the SNI 19–3694–1994 calculated based on weight and volume. Sampling was conducted in four districts of Semarang (Pedurungan, Semarang Barat, Semarang Utara and Banyumanik). The samples used in this study were 400 families that were selected based on the proportion of Slovin Formula. Data analysis performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Walis test (α = 0.05). The largest characteristic of HTHW in Semarang City is infectious (79%), further Poisonous (13%), Combustible (6%) and Corrosive (2%). While HTHW generation is 0.01 kg/person/day (5.1% MSW). Statistical test result showed there was a significant difference (p-value : 0.001) between HTHW generation based on economic level, but there was no significant difference (p-value :0.442) between HTHW characteristics in Semarang city. The level of education, occupation, income level and lifestyle may become potential factors in differentiating the characteristics and HTHW generation in Semarang city.