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1 2024

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Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetics Studies of Lead on Polyacrylonitrile-Based Activated Carbon Nonwoven Nanofibres

Waisi Basma I., Al-Bayati Israa S., Alobaidy Asrar A., Mohammed Manal Adnan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 6

20--26

Activated carbon nonwoven nanofibres (ACNN) mat derived from polyacrylonitrile was manufactured through the electrospinning method followed by thermal treatment steps. The ACNN ability to adsorb Pb(II) from a liquid solution was evaluated. The fabricated ACNN was characterized using scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. The resulting ACNN exhibited nanofibres with a diameter of 530 nm and a surface area of 550 m2/g. Various adsorption experiments were performed in batch scale to study the impact of factors like contact time, initial Pb(II) ions concentration, and pH. At pH 5, ACNN achieved a removal efficiency of 98% of Pb(II). The equilibrium data for Pb(II) ions was analysed using the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Both kinetic models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) and isotherm models were tested. Results revealed that the Langmuir model accurately described the adsorption isotherm of Pb(II) with a maximum capacity of 15.72 mg/g. Data analysis suggested that the pseudo-second-order model better represented the kinetic adsorption behaviour of Pb(II).