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1
Content available A Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) marine gastropod assemblage from the Badamu Formation, Central Iran
Ferraris M., Binazadeh T., Kaim A.
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
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2016
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Vol. 86, No. 3
329--340
EN
Nine species of gastropods are reported from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) part of the Badamu Formation of Central Iran. This is the first report of a gastropod assemblage of this age from the shelves of the Kimmerian Continent. Seven species belong to the Vetigastropoda and two to the Caenogastropoda. Two new species, the pleurotomariid Bathrotomaria iranica sp. nov. and the eucyclid Eucycloidea badamuensis sp. nov., are described. The remaining species are left in open nomenclature owing to poor preservation. The composition of the gastropod association is strongly reminiscent of other Tethyan gastropod faunas, in particular those from the southern shores of the Tethys (India and Arabia) and from southern Europe. This indicates a relatively uniform distribution of gastropod faunas along the Middle Jurassic shores of the western Tethys.
2
Content available Olenekian (Early Triassic) fossil assemblage from eastern Julian Alps (Slovenia)
Kolar-Jurkovšek T., Vuks V. J., Aljinović D., Hautmann M., Kaim A., Jurkovšek B.
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
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2013
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Vol. 83, No. 3
213--227
EN
New palaeontological and sedimentological data from the Lower Triassic strata of the eastern Julian Alps in Slovenia are presented., They are unusual for the Early Triassic of the Alps in representing a relatively deeper, unrestricted marine (mid-ramp) setting. There are two basic microfacies types in the section investigated (types A and B), which are organized as couplets with coarse-grained tempestitic deposits (microfacies A), overlain by laminated or bioturbated lime mudstones and/or marls (microfacies B), frequently containing ammonoids. This pattern is interpreted as storm deposition with occasional winnowing of bottom sediments and the formation of coarse-grained skeletal deposits (lags), followed by the slow settling of suspended particles, when the storm waned, in addition to background deposition. Dominantly lime mud deposition and the presence of ammonoids indicate deposition on a more distal, deeper ramp with an unrestricted connection to the open sea. Intense reworking of bottom skeletal-rich sediment and accumulation of storm lags suggest deposition above the storm wave base, possibly in a wide low-energy mid-ramp environment. Faunas from such settings have been reported relatively rarely from the Early Triassic of the Alps. The macrofauna contains ammonoids, bivalves and gastropods, whereas the microfauna is represented by foraminifer tests and conodont elements; rare fish remains also occur. In the foraminifer assemblages, species of Ammodiscus, Hoyenella, Glomospirella dominated, corresponding to the widespread “Glomospira-Glomospirella” foraminifer community, with some miliolids and nodosariids. The conodont fauna is characterized by Triassospathodus hungaricus (Kozur et Mostler), indicating an early Spathian (Olenekian) age. The fossil assemblage highlights the wide distribution of Early Triassic taxa in the Tethys and facilitates its worldwide correlation. Its relatively low diversity by comparison with shallow marine settings is interpreted as an evolutionary proximal-distal trend in the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction. Re-diversification first occurred in nearshore settings and expanded into deeper/distal marine environments through geological time.
3
Content available Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Gedl P., Kaim A., Leonowicz P., Boczarowski A., Dudek T., Kędzierski M., Rees J., Smoleń J., Szczepanik P., Sztajner P., Witkowska M., Ziaja J.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2012
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Vol. 62, no. 3
463-484
EN
Multidisciplinary studies of the Middle-Upper Bathonian ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn revealed variable palaeoenvironmental conditions during the deposition of this seemingly monotonous sequence. We interpret the conditions in the bottom environment and the photic zone, and also evaluate the influence of the adjacent land areas, based on sedimentology, geochemistry, sporomorphs and palynofacies composition, benthic (foraminifera, gastropods, bivalves, scaphopods, echinoderms), planktonic (calcareous nannoplankton, dinoflagellate cysts), and nektonic (sharks) fossils. The Gnaszyn succession originated relatively close to the shore, within reach of an intense supply of terrestrial fine clastic and organic particles. The latter are mainly of terrestrial origin and range from 1.5 to 2.5 wt.%. The precise water depth is difficult to estimate but most likely ranges from several tens of metres to a few hundred metres. All fossil groups show minor changes throughout the succession. As the climate seems to have been quite stable during this period we consider sea-level fluctuations to have been the main factor responsible for the changes. The terrestrial input, including freshwater and land-derived clastic and organic particles (sporomorphs and cuticles), increased during periods of sea-level lowstand. As a consequence, stress conditions (lower salinity, higher nutrient availability, lower water transparency) in the photic zone caused blooms of opportunistic planktonic taxa. Furthermore, a faster sedimentation rate led to oxygen depletion and deterioration of the living conditions in the bottom environment due to an increased accumulation of organic matter. As a result, the benthic biota became taxonomically impoverished and commonly dominated by juvenile forms. During periods of high sea level, the source areas were shifted away from the basin, resulting in a decrease in the terrestrial influx, increase in the salinity of surface waters, the appearance of more diverse phytoplankton assemblages, a lower sedimentation rate, and an improvement of living conditions at the bottom.
4
Content available Faunal dynamics of gastropods in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Kaim A.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2012
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Vol. 62, no. 3
367-380
EN
The succession of gastropods in the Gnaszyn section is quite monotonous and shows significant changes only in the proximity of concretion layers, at least partially because of diagenetic reasons. Otherwise, the section is dominated by gastropods (cylidrobullinids, bullinids, and mathildids) most of which preyed probably on sedentary organisms (polychaetes and/or coelenterates) that possibly flourished on the sea bottom at that time. The other groups of gastropods are represented by larval or juvenile shells. Their presence shows that the environmental conditions that were probably unfavourable for gastropods living directly on the sea bottom most likely because of a soupy substrate consistency, possible oxygen deficiency near the sediment-water interface and/or oxygen content fluctuations. Adult and/or subadult individuals of these gastropods occur only in the higher part of the section, reflecting a time when these conditions improved. A new heterostrophic gastropod species, Promathildia gedli, is described.
5
Content available Faunal dynamics of bivalves and scaphopods in the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Kaim A., Sztajner P.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2012
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Vol. 62, no. 3
381-395
EN
The environment at the Gnaszyn section - as deduced from bivalve and scaphopod dynamics - was controlled by the substrate consistency and possibly oxygen deficiency near the sediment-water interface and/or oxygen content fluctuations. The middle part of the section dominated by nuculoid and corbulid bivalves and Laevidentalium-type scaphopods probably reflects a soupy substrate and possibly oxygen deficiency in the sediment. Slightly coarser and better-oxygenated silts in the upper and lower parts of the section offered a less soupy substrate consistency, allowing the development of communities dominated by astartids, byssate bivalves, and Dentalium- and Plagioglypta-type scaphopods.
6
Content available An introduction to the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland
Gedl P., Kaim A.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2012
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Vol. 62, no. 3
267-280
EN
This paper provides introductory data for multidisciplinary studies on palaeoenvironmental reconstructions of the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays exposed at Gnaszyn, southern Poland. These dark-coloured fine-clastic deposits have been studied for micropalaeontology, sedimentology and geochemistry (published in separate papers within this volume). Brief outlines of the Middle Jurassic palaeogeography of the Polish epicontinental basin and the geology of the Kraków-Silesia Homocline are given. A description of the ore-bearing clays succession exposed in the clay-pit at Gnaszyn is provided, including locations of the sections studied, their ammonite biostratigraphy, brief lithology and macrofossil distribution. The sample positions collected for micropalaeontological and geochemical studies are specified.
7
Content available remote New difunctional mediators based on 4-amino-TEMPO derivatives for controlling free radical polymerization of styrene
Pietrasik K., Świątkowska O., Kaim A.
Polimery
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2010
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T. 55, nr 11-12
812-816
EN
The free radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of a number of freshly newly synthesized bifunctional mediators differing in the number of methylene groups serving as a link between two functional 4-amino-TEMPO radicals has been investigated. It was found, that the activity of a nitroxide group in the biradicals in controlling radical polymerization of styrene differs from that of the TEMPO radical. Mediators with a lower number of connecting methylene groups between the two TEMPO rings give a higher conversion in the same reaction time. However, no simple correlation between the number of methylene groups in spacer chain and polymerization rate was observed, namely unexpectedly, high rate of polymerization was found for *C4*. The formation of single-arm (P) and double-arm (P-P) macromolecules containing binitroxide at the core was observed.
PL
Porównano aktywność grup nitroksylowych w szeregu homologicznym nowych dwufunkcyjnych mediatorów (regulujących przenośników) różniących się liczbą grup metylenowych (0,2, 3, lub 4) w łańcuchu łączącym dwa rodniki 4-amino-TEMPO [wzory (I) - (IV)] w regulowaniu przebiegu rodnikowej polimeryzacji styrenu, stwierdzając występowanie różnic tej aktywności. Liniowy charakter zależności indeksu konwersji styrenu od czasu polimeryzacji (rys. 1) wskazuje na pierwszorzędowość reakcji względem monomeru w odniesieniu do wszystkich badanych dirodników pochodzących z mediatora. Najszybciej polimeryzacja przebiega pod wpływem dirodnika *C0*, a najwolniej wobec *C3*, jednakże nie zaobserwowano prostej zależności pomiędzy liczbą grup -CH2- w mediatorze a szybkością polimeryzacji. Scharakteryzowano widma ESR polimerów (rys. 3) oraz szczegółowo omówiono wyniki ich badania metodą GPC (rys. 2,4 i 5 oraz tabela 1). W wyniku polimeryzacji powstają polimery o jedno- i dwuramiennych łańcuchach, prawdopodobnie zawierających centralny fragment dinitroksylowy. Rozkład ciężarów cząsteczkowych (M) produktów ma charakter bimodalny a wzajemny stosunek wartości M obydwu frakcji wynosi w przybliżeniu 2:1.
8
Content available remote Projektowanie i budowa drogowych obiektów inżynierskich w aspekcie środowiskowym
Malinowska E., Kaim A.
Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
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2008
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Vol. 17, No. 4
163--173
PL
Drogowe budowle inżynierskie mogą stanowić źródło zanieczyszczenia środowiska wodno-gruntowego. Dlatego już na etapie projektowania, a następnie budowy powinno się wykonać ekspertyzę wpływu obiektów drogowych na środowisko. Ważnym zagadnieniem jest lokalizacja drogowych obiektów inżynierskich. Lokalizowanie na podłożu, w którym występują warstwy gruntów uznanych za bariery hydrauliczne, przyczynia się do ograniczenia możliwość migracji zanieczyszczeń w środowisku wodno-gruntowym. W artykule przedstawiono analizę środowiska i ocenę wzajemnych wpływów między nowo budowaną oraz modernizowaną drogą a otaczającym ją środowiskiem. Odpowiednio zaprojektowana, wybudowana oraz użytkowana droga może pozytywnie wpływać na otoczenie. Już na etapie projektowania powinna istnieć ścisła współpraca pomiędzy konstruktorem a inżynierem ochrony środowiska. W artykule przedstawiono urządzenia służące do ochrony środowiska w otoczeniu drogi. Na podstawie analizy obowiązujących przepisów prawnych oraz rozporządzeń przedstawiono wymogi ochrony środowiska podczas projektowania oraz podczas budowy obiektów drogowych. Ponadto zaproponowano algorytm do analizy środowiskowej wpływu projektowanej i budowanej drogi.
EN
In this review paper the environmental aspect which surrounds the road engineering objects is presented. The main road engineering objects are: roads, bridges, tunnels and the resistance constructions. This paper presents also law requirements for design and building roads’ engineering objects. Every stage of environmental element has been followed. The influence between road and the surrounding is analyzed. The algorithm for the environmental analysis of roads designing and building is also presented.
9
Content available remote Shallow-water gastropods from Late Oxfordian sands in Kłęby (Pomerania, Poland)
Grundel J., Kaim A.
Acta Geologica Polonica
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2006
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Vol. 56, no. 2
121-157
EN
The Upper Oxfordian shell-bearing ferruginous sands from Kłęby in Pomerania (northwestern Poland) provide a rich and relatively well-preserved shallow-water gastropod fauna that has been known in the literature since the monograph by SCHMIDT (1905). A review of SCHMIDT.s collection and newly collected material confirms the distinctiveness of the assemblage from contemporaneous faunas in neighbouring areas. We identified 27 species belonging to 21 genera, with two species not attributed to generic level. Seven species introduced by SCHMIDT(1905) are re-described in detail, with the types being illustrated. They are: Gerasimovcyclus lorioli (Eucyclidae), Proconulus coelotropis, P. viadrinus (Proconulidae), Pseudomelania laeviuscula (Pseudomelaniidae), Katosira anaroides (Zygopleuridae), Gordenella ommerana (Gordenellidae), and Sulcoactaeon viadrinus (Bullinidae). We also described three new species: Ataphrus marschmidti (Ataphridae), Shurovites dmochae (Cryptaulacidae), and Ceritellopsis huckriedei (Cylindrobullinidae). The gastropod fauna from Kleby is dominated by shallow-water species of cerithioids (Exelissa distans, Rhynchocerithium limaeformeand Shurovites dmochae), the rissoid Rissoa valfini, the eucyclid Eucycloscala cf. augur, and the ataphrid Falsataphrus kljasmiensis.
10
Content available The Miocene brachiopods from the silty facies of the intra-Carpathian Nowy Sącz Basin (Poland)
Bitner M. A., Kaim A.
Geological Quarterly
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2004
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Vol. 48, No 2
193--198
EN
The micromorphic brachiopods have been found in the Miocene silty deposits of Kamienica Nawojowska in the intra-Carpathian Nowy Sącz Basin, southern Poland. The assemblage consists of two species Argyrotheca cuneata (Risso, 1826) and A. cordata (Risso, 1826). The presence of stenohaline brachiopods indicatesMiddleMiocene (?Badenian) age of the sediment. The preliminary sedimentological and palaeoecological analysis suggests that brachiopods and associated faunamight be transported basinward from a shallower setting.
11
Content available Rekonstrukcja paleośrodowiska sedymentacji środkowojurajskich iłów rudonośnych Gnaszyna (Częstochowa) - wyniki wstępne
Gedl P., Kaim A., Boczarowski A., Kędzierski M., Smoleń J., Szczepanik P., Witkowska M., Ziaja J.
Volumina Jurassica
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2003
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Vol. 1, no. 1
19-28
12
Content available remote Późnotriasowe cmentarzysko kręgowców lądowych w Krasiejowie na Śląsku Opolskim
Dzik J., Sulej T., Kaim A., Niedźwiedzki R.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2000
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Vol. 48, nr 3
226-235
PL
W obrębie serii ilastej „retyku” w Krasiejowie koło Ozimka zidentyfikowany został poziom, zawierający liczne czaszki i fragmenty szkieletów kontynentalnych czworonogów (głównie ziemnowodnych). Dominują wielkie labiryntodonty Metoposaurus, tekodonty (fitozaury) Paleorhinus, pancerne roślinożerne tekodonty z rodziny Aetosauridae, drapieżne labiryntodonty z nadrodziny Capitosauroidea, oraz znane tylko z pojedynczych kości najpierwotniejsze dinozaury. Bardzo rzadkie są zęby ryb dwudysznych Ceratodus i łuski ryb ganoidowych. Szczątkom kręgowców towarzyszą liczne małże słodkowodne z grupy unionidów, a w próbkach mikropaleontologicznych w wielkiej obfitości występują ramienice, wskazujące na słodkowodne środowisko sedymentacji. Jest to typowy zespół fauny Paleorhinus, o niemal globalnym rozprzestrzenieniu ograniczonym czasowo do środkowej i późnej części karniku. Paleontologiczne datowanie warstw zlokalizowanych nad ostatnimi wystąpieniami gipsu oznacza konieczność rewizji stratygrafii i korelacji wiekowej tej części polskiego triasu.
EN
A new Paleorhinus/auna has been discovered in a grey claystone corresponding to the subsurface Drawno beds, which are exposed in a cement plant claypit at Krasiejów near Opole in southern Poland. The vertebrate assemblage of perfectly preserved skeletons, isolated skulls, and postcranial remains is dominated with labyrinthodonts Metoposaurus di&gnosticus, the phytosaur Paleorhinus sp. being the second in number. Aetosaurs are represented by an incomplete skull, scuta and fragmentary bones. One sacral bone most probably representing an early dinosaur related to Staurikosaurus or Chindesaurus and two incomplete maxilla with teeth showing serration parallel to the cusp have also been found. The Krasiejów assemblage includes also dipnoans Ceratodus, undetermined fish scales and teeth, numerous unionid bivalves, very abundant characean gyrogonites, and ostracods. The Paleorhinus species is relatively short-snouted and may represent an earlier stage in the evolution of the lineage than fhe populations from Blasensandstein in Franconia and other known Yz\eor\ńm\s faunas. This is consistent with the presence q/Metoposaurus diagnosticus, the species originally described from the Schilfsandstein, located below the Blasensandstein. An equivalent ofSchilfsandstein is known in boreholes drilled nearby the locality and the bone-bearing horizon is about 80 m above its top, and about 20 m above the last occurrence of gypsum in the section. Lehrberg Schichten in Germany seem thus to be its lateral equivalents, both presumably representing the final event in the middle to late Carnian eustatic cycle. The Paleorhinus/a""a was apparently persistent in the area, as an incomplete skeleton has been found about 8 m below the mostfossiliferous horizon, in a calcareous intercalation within red clays comparable with the German Rote Wand.
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