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1 2025

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Application of vibration signal analysis method in the fault diagnosis of mechanical gearboxes

Liu Jincui, Wang Tieying

Diagnostyka

2025

Vol. 26, No. 1

art. no. 2025107

The traditional mechanical gearbox diagnosis method is not enough to meet the operation requirements in terms of reliability and safety, so the purpose of this study is to collect and analyze the vibration signal of mechanical gearbox, and explore the application of vibration signal analysis method in fault diagnosis. A vibration sensor is installed in a gear box to collect real-time vibration data, and the data are denoised, filtered and aligned. The experimental results show that the waveform of the normal gear has obvious periodicity, while the high-frequency component of the faulty gear increases significantly. The diagnostic accuracy of fault types is wear, pitting, point wear, fracture wear and broken teeth. The envelope spectrum amplitude of normal bearings is maintained between 0.4-0.5. The innovation of the research lies in the development of a fault signal acquisition system based on advanced vibration sensing technology, which realizes real-time monitoring of gearbox status and accurate collection of vibration data, and optimizes the ability to extract fault characteristics from complex background noise by combining a variety of vibration signal processing technologies.