Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Increasing the level of municipal waste recycling in Poland, on the example of the Krakow metropolis

Ostrowska Justyna, Szyba Marta

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 198

375--391

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyze the recycling levels achieved in Krakow and the municipalities of the Krakow Metropolis and to identify the factors that influence these results. In order to increase recycling rates in municipalities, a calculation method has been proposed that can help estimate the amount of biodegradable waste composted in households. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the goal of analyzing recycling levels in municipalities, data from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office and the Małopolska Marshal's Office were used. The proposed method for calculating the mass of composted biodegradable waste was based on exemplary declarations on composting of biodegradable waste posted on municipal websites and indicators such as the amount of kitchen waste generated/person/year and the amount of green waste generated in kg/m2 of green areas. Findings: The analysis of recycling levels shows the problems that municipalities may have in achieving the limits set by the European Commission. Actions must be taken to increase recycling rates in municipalities, and one of them may be a proposed method for calculating the amount of composted biodegradable waste in households. Failure to achieve recycling levels will result in administrative penalties imposed by the Provincial Inspectorates of Environmental Protection (WIOŚ) and failure to meet sustainable development goals. Research limitations/implications: Municipalities have household declarations regarding composting of biodegradable waste. The continuation of the research concerned checking the correctness of data in municipalities on the size of plots and the area of green areas using satellite maps, e.g. geoportal.gov.pl Practical implications: The work uses an original calculation method, helpful in estimating the amount of biodegradable waste subjected to composting. Municipalities could use this method, which would help estimate the neglected amounts of this type of waste in households. By using the proposed method, the management of the biodegradable waste fraction would be more transparent and reliable, which would help increase the achieved recycling levels. Social implications: The implementation of the proposed solution could change the approach of waste producers to the segregation of municipal waste and influence greater attention during segregating biodegradable waste. Consequently, this would also improve waste management and improve the results in achieving sustainable development goals in municipalities. Originality/value: The article is an attempt of response to the need to achieve higher and higher levels of recycling. The proposed solution has implementation value and is addressed to organizations managing waste management in local government units.

2

PLA/PBAT blends for blown film extrusion

Ostrowska Justyna, Sadurski Waldemar, Paluch Magdalena, Dębowski Maciej, Wrona Olga, Sołtan Karolina, Tyński Piotr

Polimery

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2024

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Vol. 69, nr 7-8

420--429

EN

Films of biodegradable PLA/PBAT blends with PBAT content of 10–90 wt% were obtained by extrusion blowing. PLA/PBAT blends were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, TGA and SEM. Tensile properties and tear strength of the films were also determined. It was shown that despite thermodynamic immiscibility of PLA and PBAT, addition of PBAT in amounts above 50 wt% allows obtaining films with good functional properties. Optimal properties were obtained with PBAT content of 60 or 70 wt%. Tensile strength was 36.7–38.7 MPa, elongation at break 357–388% and tear strength 11–22 N/mm.

PL

Metodą wytłaczania z rozdmuchiwaniem otrzymano folie z biodegradowalnych mieszanin PLA/PBAT, w których zawartość PBAT wynosiła 10–90% mas. Mieszaniny PLA/PBAT scharakteryzowano za pomocą FT-IR, DSC, TGA i SEM. Określono również właściwości mechaniczne przy rozciąganiu i wytrzymałość na rozdzieranie folii. Wykazano, że pomimo termodynamicznej niemieszalności PLA i PBAT, dodatek PBAT w ilości powyżej 50% mas. umożliwia otrzymanie folii o dobrych właściwościach użytkowych. Optymalne właściwości uzyskano przy zawartości PBAT wynoszącej 60 lub 70% mas. Wytrzymałość na rozciąganie wynosiła 36,7–38,7 MPa, wydłużenie przy zerwaniu 357–388%, a wytrzymałość na rozdzieranie 11–22 N/mm.

3

Analysis of municipal waste management in the Municipality of Krakow

Szyba Marta, Ostrowska Justyna

Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services

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2023

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Vol. 17

59--75

EN

Rational waste management is an essential element in the process of transition the linear economy into a circular model. Actions taken to achieve better results in this area are important for regional and local development as well as for the implementation of sustainable development goals. The article presents the requirements and rules for the functioning of waste management in Poland. Taking into account the structure of the system, the functioning of waste management in the Municipality of Krakow was analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the problem of municipal waste segregation by the inhabitants of Krakow. As part of own research, surveys were conducted among the employees of Municipal Cleaning Company LLC (Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Oczyszczania w Krakowie Sp. z o.o.), which showed the scale of the deficiencies. The results of the research were helpful in proposing actions to increase the effectiveness of the waste segregation system in Krakow.