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1

Influence of Screen Printed Layers on the Thermal Conductivity of Textile Fabrics

Kazani I., de Mey G., Hertleer C., Van Langenhove L., Guxho G.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2018

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Vol. 26, no. 5 (131)

70--74

EN

In the smart textile field the combination of textile and metallic materials is rising. In order to conduct electricity in textile, different methods are used. This paper deals with a new measuring method to determine the lateral thermal conductivity of a textile fabric. The technique starts by measuring the temperature distribution on the fabric using a thermographic camera. In addition to that, the method outlined in this paper will also allow to determine the change in thermal conductivity when an electric conducting layer has been screen printed on a textile fabric.

PL

W dziedzinie inteligentnych tkanin wzrasta znaczenie połączeń materiałów tekstylnych i metalicznych. W celu przewodzenia energii elektrycznej w tkaninie stosuje się różne metody. W pracy zaprezentowano nową metodę pomiaru w celu określenia bocznej przewodności cieplnej tkaniny tekstylnej. Technika ta oparta jest na pomiarze rozkładu temperatury na tkaninie za pomocą kamery termograficznej. Oprócz tego, metoda opisana w pracy pozwala również na określenie zmiany przewodności cieplnej, gdy warstwa przewodząca prąd elektryczny zostanie wydrukowana na tkaninie.

2

Study of the Contact Resistance of Interlaced Stainless Steel Yarns Embedded in Hybrid Woven Fabrics

Vasile S., Deruck F., Hertleer C., De Raeve A., Ellegiers T., De Mey G.

Autex Research Journal

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2017

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Vol. 17, no. 2

170--176

EN

The contact resistance of two interlacing electro-conductive yarns embedded in a hybrid woven fabric will constitute a problem for electro-conductive textiles under certain circumstances. A high contact resistance can induce hotspots, while a variable contact resistance may cause malfunctioning of the components that are interconnected by the electro-conductive yarns. Moreover, the contact robustness should be preserved over time and various treatments such as washing or abrading should not alter the functioning of the electro-conductive textiles. The electrical resistance developed in the contact point of two interlacing electro-conductive yarns is the result of various factors. The influence of diameter of the electro-conductive stainless steel yarns, the weave pattern, the weft density, and the abrasion on the contact resistance was investigated. Hybrid polyester fabrics were produced according to the design of experiments (DoE) and statistical models were found that describe the variation of the contact resistance with the selected input parameters. It was concluded that the diameter of the stainless steel warp and weft yarns has a statistically significant influence on the contact resistance regardless of the weave. Weft density had a significant influence on the contact resistance but only in case of the twill fabrics. Abrasion led to an increase in contact resistance regardless of the weave pattern and the type of stainless steel yarn that was used. Finally, a combination of parameters that leads to plain and twill fabrics with low contact resistance and robust contacts is recommended.

3

Influence of Dry Cleaning on the Electrical Resistance of Screen Printed Conductors on Textiles

Kazani I., De Mey G., Klepacko R., Hertleer C., Guxho G., Van Langenhove L., Napieralski A.

Autex Research Journal

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2016

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Vol. 16, no. 3

146--153

EN

Electrically conducting inks were screen printed on various textile substrates. The samples were dry cleaned with the usual chemicals in order to investigate the influence of the mechanical treatment on the electrical conductivity. It was found that dry cleaning has a tremendous influence on this electrical conductivity. For several samples, it is observed that the electrical resistance increases with the square of the number of dry cleaning cycles. In order to explain this observation a theoretical model and a numerical simulation have been carried out, by assuming that dry cleaning cycles introduce a crack in the conducting layer. The theoretical analysis and the numerical analysis both confirmed the experimental observations.

4

Reliability testing of PEDOT : PSS capacitors integrated into textile fabrics

Odhiambo S., De Mey G., Hertleer C., Van Langenhove L.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2014

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Vol. 16, no. 3

447--451

EN

Textile-based capacitors have been made from polyethylene dioxythiophene, polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrolyte and pure stainless steel filament yarns as the electrodes. The capacitor is well integrated into the textile structure, small in size and of light weight. Although they experience a self-discharge, the reliability of the PEDOT:PSS capacitors has been investigated by repeating up to 14 cycles of charging and discharging. Initially, the voltage output turns out to be higher with increasing number of cycles. However, after the fifth cycle, degradation of the cell starts occurring and a decreasing behaviour in the voltage output is observed. One can roughly say that these capacitors could be used up to 10–15 cycles.

PL

Kondensatory tekstylne wytwarza się z mieszaniny poli(3,4-dioksyetylenotiofenu) z polistyrenem sulfonowanym (PEDOT: PSS), pełniącej rolę elektrolitu oraz włókien ciągłych z czystej stali nierdzewnej, pełniących funkcję elektrod. Kondensatory tego typu są dobrze zintegrowane ze strukturą tkaniny, są lekkie i mają niewielkie rozmiary. Chociaż kondensatory PEDOT:PSS ulegają samorozładowaniu, przeprowadzono badania ich niezawodności powtarzając 14 cykli ładowania i rozładowywania Początkowo napięcie wyjściowe zwiększało się wraz ze wzrostem liczby cykli. Jednakże po piątym cyklu, dochodziło do degradacji ogniwa i obserwowano zmniejszanie się napięcia wyjściowego. Można orientacyjnie powiedzieć, że omawiane kondensatory nadają się do użytku przez maksymalnie 10–15 cykli.

5

Performance Study of Screen-Printed Textile Antennas after Repeated Washing

Kazani I., Declercq F., Scarpello M.L., Hertleer C., Rogier H., Vande Ginste D., De Mey G., Guxho G., Van Langenhove L.

Autex Research Journal

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2014

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Vol. 14, no. 2

47--54

EN

The stability of wearable textile antennas after 20 reference washing cycles was evaluated by measuring the reflection coefficient of different antenna prototypes. The prototypes’ conductive parts were screen-printed on several textile substrates using two different silver-based conductive inks. The necessity of coating the antennas with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) coating was investigated by comparing coated with uncoated antennas. It is shown that covering the antennas with the TPU layer not only protects the screen-printed conductive area but also prevents delamination of the multilayered textile fabric substrates, making the antennas washable for up to 20 cycles. Furthermore, it is proven that coating is not necessary for maintaining antenna operation and this up to 20 washing cycles. However, connector detachment caused by friction during the washing process was the main problem of antenna performance degradation. Hence, other flexible, durable methods should be developed for establishing a stable electrical connection.

6

Electrical Conductive Textiles Obtained by Screen Printing

Kazani I., Hertleer C., De Mey G., Schwarz A., Guxho G., Van Langenhove L.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2012

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Vol. 20, no. 1 (90)

57-63

EN

The aim of this work was to develop a textile fabric with electrical conductivity. This fabric was made from cotton yarns coated with a solution based on carbon black. This paper reports the results of preparing different recipes using a number of quantities of carbon black particles and other components of the coating mixture, which were tested in order to obtain the best results regarding electrical conductivity. The optimal concentration of conductive particles of carbon black was studied.

PL

W artykule opisano zastosowanie nowej metody uzyskiwania tkanin przewodzących poprzez stosowanie druku sitowego i atramentów przewodzących. Jest to metoda atrakcyjna ze względu na różnorodne zastosowanie i atrakcyjność cenową. Badano oporność powierzchniową tkanin w rożnych stadiach procesu: po druku, po testach ścierania i po praniu. Badane tkaniny wykazywały dobrą przewodność elektryczną po druku i testach ścierania, natomiast po 20 cyklach prania przewodność znacznie się zmniejszyła. Dlatego też tkaniny pokrywano warstwą poliuretanu, dzięki czemu uzyskano dobrą przewodność elektryczną również po wielokrotnych praniach.