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2 2025

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Impact of sample quantity and absorbance level on particle size analysis by laser diffraction results

Cieślik Ewelina, Kowalczyk Piotr, Czupioł Justyna

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

2025

Nr 93 (tom 1)

131--143

This study aimed to investigate the impact of sample quantity and absorbance levels on the repeatability of results and to evaluate the suitability of the method for exhaust gases with low dust concentrations. In the research use was made of the ANALYSETTE 22 NanoTec laser particle size analyser with wet dispersion. Water was used as the dispersing agent. The study utilised Fritsch Standard F500 reference dust, with a particle size range of 0.5–50 μm, and two dust samples collected from industrial installations. Variations in the results were observed depending on the sample mass introduced into the analyser and the resulting absorbance levels. For the reference dust, repeatable results, consistent with the manufacturer’s specifications, were obtained with absorbance levels of 5–20%. Similarly, the most reproducible results for real dust samples were obtained at comparable absorbance levels. The study emphasized the lack of repeatability at absorbance levels below 5%, which may be attributed to the insufficient amount of dust analysed. It seems necessary to develop an alternative method for collecting dust samples from exhaust gases to avoid relying on dust recovery from filtration materials.

Determination of the behaviour of silver nanoparticles and Ag ions in organic-muck soil

Czupioł Justyna

Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej

2025

Nr 94 (tom 1)

77--98

The increasing presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products and their subsequent release into the environment raises concerns about their impact on soil and water systems. The present study investigates the interactions between silver nanoparticles and silver ions with organicmuck soil, with particular focus on their adsorption and retention mechanisms. Key physicochemical properties of the soil, including cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area, and pH, were characterised to determine their influence on the behaviour of silver species. Adsorption experiments indicated that Ag+ ions were adsorbed more efficiently than AgNPs, with maximum adsorption capacities of 11.25 mg/g and 7.00 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption isotherms for both Ag+ and AgNPs fit the Freundlich model better than the Langmuir model, suggesting the presence of heterogeneous adsorption sites. Kinetic studies indicate that adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order model, implying chemisorption controlled by chemical interactions between silver species and the soil surface. Sequential extraction of silver species reveals that Ag+is more easily desorbed, while AgNPs are more tightly bound. These results highlight the environmental implications of silver nanoparticle contamination in soils and contribute to the understanding of the factors influencing the mobility and retention of silver in terrestrial ecosystems.