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Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro-Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Butenko Andrii, Masyk Ihor, Onychko Tetiana, Davydenko Gennadiy, Bondarieva Liudmyla, Hotvianska Anna, Horbunova Karine, Yevtushenko Yevhen, Mykola Vandyk

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 4

216--222

The results of research on the influence of growing technology and its individual elements on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of corn plants hybrid Moreland F1 under conditions of Western region of Ukraine are presented. The purpose of the research was to determine influence of cultivation technology elements on the formation and efficiency of assimilation apparatus of sweet corn plants. Research was conducted during 2019–2021 on sod–podzolic soil using field, calculation–weighting, and mathematical–statistical methods. Dynamics peculiarities of individual leaf surface area of the plant and agrocenosis of corn as a whole by the stages of crop development have been determined. Based on the results of statistical and correlation analyses, dependences between main indices of photosynthetic activity and corn yielding capacity, as well as those that change the most under influence of agrotechnology elements, were determined. Reaction of the crop on the change in intensity level of cultivation technology has been established, which is manifested through the functional response of individual photosynthetic plant system and the crop as a whole and is expressed in strengthening of their assimilation activity. Optimal limits of biometric indices of photosynthetic activity of sweet corn plants in crops when being reached, a productive grain yield is formed, have been presented.

Nutrient Balance of Sod-Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Meadow Agrophytocenosis and Fertilization

Karbivska Uliana, Masyk Ihor, Butenko Andrii, Onychko Viktor, Onychko Tetiana, Kriuchko Lyudmyla, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Kozak Maksym

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 2

70--77

The influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and nutrient balance of sod–podzolic soil when growing cereal meadow agrophytocenosis under conditions of Precarpathians of Ukraine was researched. It was found that the dependence of cereal agrocenosis productivity on the doses and ratios of N, P, K in mineral fertilizers is described by equation (polynomial) of the 2nd degree. Among the mineral elements, nitrogen is has the greatest influence on grass productivity. When applying the total dose of N75 with even distribution of nitrogen under each of three mowings on different backgrounds of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the productivity of cereal grass increases by 2.82–3.06 t ha-1 of dry mass, and when applying N150 by 3.33–4.93 t ha-1 of dry mass. Recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers per 1 kg by yield increase when applying N75 is 38–41 kg of dry mass, which is 4–5 kg more compared to the application of N150. The indices of phosphorus and especially potassium removal, as well as deficiency of these elements in the balance increased along with nitrogen dose. Independently of the phosphorus and potassium doses, the lowest indices are fixed on a nitrogen–free background, and the highest – on the background of N150.