Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Assessment of the reliability of the operation of a sewage treatment plant using Monte Carlo simulation

Migdał Karolina, Operacz Agnieszka, Vaskina Iryna, Śliz Paulina, Tavares Jorge, Almeida Adelaide, Migdał Michał

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

Special Issue

80--90

EN

The aim of the study was to model the operation of a wastewater treatment plant using the Monte Carlo method and selected probability distributions of random variables. Pollutant indices in treated wastewater were analysed, such as: biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (Ntot), total phosphorus (Ptot). The preliminary analysis of pollution indicators series included the: calculation of descriptive statistics and assessment of biological degradability of wastewater. The consistency of the theoretical distributions with the empirical ones was assessed using Anderson-Darling statistics. The best-fitting statistical distributions were selected using the percent bias criterion. Based on the calculations performed, it was found that the analysed indicators of pollution in treated wastewater were characterised by an average variability of composition for BOD5, CODCr and TSS, and a high variability of composition for Ntot and Ptot. The best fitted distribution was log-normal for BOD5, TSS, Ntot and Ptot and general extreme values for CODCr. The simulation carried out using the Monte-Carlo method confirmed that there may be problems associated with the reduction of nutrients (Ntot and Ptot) the analysed wastewater treatment plant. Results of values obtained of the risk values of negative control of wastewater treatment plant operation for biogenic compounds, different from 1, indicate that the number of exceedances at the outflow may be higher than the acceptable one.

2

Technological reliability of sewage treatment plant with the Pomiltek Mann type bioreactor

Kurek Karolina, Bugajski Piotr, Operacz Agnieszka, Młyński Dariusz, Wałęga Andrzej

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

no. 46

146--152

EN

The aim of the work was to determine the technological reliability of the selected pollution indicators removal BOD5, CODCr and total suspension from the sewage treatment plant working with the bioreactor Pomiltek Mann type. Wastewater treatment plant which is a subject of this study is located in Lesser Poland, in Siepraw commune. The analysis was performed using the Weibull method for basic indicators of impurities, BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids. Physico-chemical analyses of raw and treated wastewater, were carried out in the period from 2003 to 2014 (11 years). The research period included measured values of pollutions indicators in 38 samples of raw and treated sewage. For each of pollution indicators descriptive statistic, percentage reduction (n) and treatment plant reliability factors (RF) were calculated. Average reduction for BOD5 and TSS was on level equal 94%, only for COD the average reduction was lower and was on level 89%. The reliability values determined by Weibull method, were: 75% (BOD5), 90% (CODCr) and 89.5% (TSS). The reliability results have been lower than the presented by literature source, which means that work of wastewater treatment plant in Siepraw was not satisfied in 11 years of research.

3

Designed and real hydraulic load of household wastewater treatment plants

Bugajski Piotr M., Kurek Karolina, Młyński Dariusz, Operacz Agnieszka

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2019

|

no. 40

155--160

EN

The paper presents the results of the analysis concerning the verification of the actual hydraulic load and the load of organic pollutants compared to the conditions designed for 4 household wastewater treatment plants. The researches were carried out in the annual period from May 2015 to April 2016. Based on the conducted analysis, it was found that objects act as underloaded hydraulically and the actual inflow of sewage to the analysed objects during the research period ranged from 7.3% to 32.7% in relation to the inflow assumed in the project. Furthermore, in the case of loading the treatment plant with the load of pollutants expressed as PE, it was fund that the actual PE values were lower than assumed in the project. Therefore, it is important that the sizes of the series of household sewage treatment plants were selected depending on the individual conditions of household, i.e. the number of inhabitants or the amount of consumed water.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analizy dotyczące weryfikacji rzeczywistego obciążenia hydraulicznego oraz obciążenia ładunkiem zanieczyszczeń organicznych w porównaniu z warunkami projektowanymi dla czterech przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków. Badania prowadzono w rocznym okresie – od maja 2015 r. do kwietnia 2016 r. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, że obiekty działają jako niedociążone hydraulicznie, a rzeczywisty dopływ ścieków do analizowanych obiektów w okresie badań wyniósł od 7,3% do 32,7% w stosunku do dopływu zakładanego w projekcie. Również w przypadku obciążenia oczyszczalni ładunkiem zanieczyszczeń wyrażonych jako RLM, stwierdzono, że rzeczywiste wartości RLM były niższe, niż zakładane w projekcie. Zatem ważne jest, aby wielkości typoszeregów przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków były dobierane w zależności od indywidualnych uwarunkowań gospodarstw domowych, tj. liczby mieszkańców lub ilości zużywanej wody.

4

Untypical Draining Barriers Efficiency as a Method of Pollutants Limiting in the Groundwater Reservoir

Operacz Agnieszka, Kurek Karolina, Młyński Dariusz, Bugajski Piotr

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 20, nr 3

67--76

EN

The main aim of the paper was to formulate a proposal of using the draining barriers as a method of limiting pollutants in the groundwater reservoir. Primary processes of pollutants migration and examples of functioning the draining barriers work against the spread of various pollutants in the groundwater were indicated. An untypical kind of draining barrier, i.e. wells which were designed as a hydrogeological borehole to exhaust water intended for consumption, was selected as the research object. For analytical purposes, the available archival results of the physicochemical analysis of groundwater exhausted from the wells, located in the water intake so-called “belt D” in Kraków-Nowa Huta were used. The database was analysed by specialist programs, and the dispersion migration of pollutants from the existing metallurgical waste dump “Ruszcza” in time was presented. Temporary and spatial variability of the physicochemical parameters of groundwater was done during the analysis. The analysis was performed both in the draining barriers wells and in the intake boreholes. A geostatistical analysis of the variability of pollutant spread in the groundwater medium was a vital factor in the appraisal efficiency of the draining barriers operation. It was shown that the highest contents of the researched substances were present in the wells, which are located the nearest of metallurgical waste dump “Ruszcza” and are thereby the wells co-forming draining barriers. The efficiency of draining barriers was found after a thorough analysis.

5

Could geothermal water and energy use improve living conditions? Environmental effects from Poland

Sowiżdżał Anna, Chmielowska Anna, Tomaszewska Barbara, Operacz Agnieszka, Chowaniec Józef

Archives of Environmental Protection

|

2019

|

Vol. 45, no. 3

109--118

EN

The issue of air pollution, resulting to a large extent from the use of fossil fuels for energy purposes, is one of the most serious environmental threats in several Polish cities, but also outside of them. The amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere translates into the living conditions of the inhabitants. The utilization of geothermal energy, which is a renewable and ecological source of energy, brings noticeable improvement in the quality of atmospheric air, as evidenced by signifi cant ecological effects achieved by working geothermal district heating plants. The paper presents results of comprehensive considerations focused on assessing the effects of utilization of geothermal water and energy in Poland. Issues related to the implementation of exploration works aimed at acquiring geothermal water resources, as well as environmental aspects of the use of geothermal waters and energy were discussed. The undertaken considerations have been directed at assessing whether the use of such a kind of renewable energy resources could have an impact on improving the living conditions of the local community.

PL

Problem zanieczyszczenia powietrza, wynikający w dużej mierze z wykorzystania paliw kopalnych do celów energetycznych, jest jednym z najpoważniejszych zagrożeń środowiskowych w wielu miastach Polski, ale również poza nimi w mniejszych miejscowościach. Ilość zanieczyszczeń emitowanych do atmosfery przekłada się wprost na warunki życia mieszkańców. Wykorzystanie energii geotermalnej, która jest odnawialnym i ekologicznym źródłem energii, przynosi zauważalną poprawę jakości powietrza atmosferycznego, o czym świadczą znaczące efekty ekologiczne osiągane przez działające ciepłownie geotermalne. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki kompleksowych rozważań dotyczących oceny skutków wykorzystania wody i energii geotermalnej w Polsce. Omówiono zagadnienia związane z realizacją prac poszukiwawczych mających na celu pozyskanie zasobów wód geotermalnych, a także aspekty środowiskowe wykorzystania wód geotermalnych i energii. Podjęte rozważania ukierunkowane były na ocenę, czy wykorzystanie takiego rodzaju odnawialnych źródeł energii może mieć wpływ na poprawę warunków życia lokalnej społeczności.