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1
Content available Mechanical properties of ABS samples manufactured under different process conditions
Czyżewski Piotr, Marciniak Dawid, Sykutera Dariusz
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2024
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Vol. 72, nr 1
art. no. e147065
EN
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of manufacturing conditions on the mechanical properties and structure of ABS parts. Two sets of samples with the same geometric characteristics were produced by fused deposition modelling (FDM) and injection molding (IM). The molding pressure and cooling rate were found to have a significant effect on shaping the mechanical properties and structure of ABS products. The manufacturing method and adopted process parameters have a significant impact on the degree of packing of macromolecules in the volume of the product and thus determine its density. Selected mechanical properties were determined and compared with their specific gravity. The research was carried out using tools and machines, i.e. injection molds of unique design and standard measuring stations. Tensile and bending strengths and Young’s modulus were related to the density of products obtained under different process conditions and having gradient and solid structures. The results provide useful information for engineers designing products using FDM technology. Relating tensile and flexural strength and Young’s modulus to the specific gravity of the product. It was found that the value of product properties is closely related to various process conditions, which further provides a true description of the products.
2
Content available Analysis of mechanical properties and structure of samples filled with continuous glass fiber produced in composite filament fabrication technology
Marciniak Dawid, Sykutera Dariusz, Czyżewski Piotr
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2024
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Vol. 72, nr 2
art. no. e148841
EN
The purpose of the study was to evaluate selected mechanical properties and structural characteristics of samples manufactured using composite filament fabrication (CFF) technology from Onyx material, whichwas filled with continuous glass fiber. Selected mechanical properties were correlated with the density of the resulting composite to determine the specific strength of the fabricated parts. The test specimens were manufactured on a Mark Two Enterprise machine (Markforged, USA) using composite filament fabrication (CFF) technology. The material used was polyamide 6.6 with a 20% short carbon fiber content with the trade name Onyx. Continuous glass fiber was used to reinforce the fabrication. The density of the manufactured samples was determined using a hydrostatic method. Methanol was used as the liquid. By determining the density of the samples, it was possible to estimate through appropriate calculations what specific strength and specific modulus the obtained composites would have. Determination of tensile and flexural strengths was carried out in accordance with ISO 527-1:2012 and ISO 178:2003. Determination of the impact tensile strength of the samples was carried out in accordance with ISO 8256, the beams were tested using the A method. Due to the high impact tensile strength, two 1 mm notches with an angle of 45°were made on the specimens. The image of the sample structure obtained by the CFF method was recorded using a CT scanner. A thermogravimetric test (TG) of the Onyx matrix material was carried out. The samples were tested approximately 72 hours after fabrication. Filling the samples with continuous glass fiber above 50% leads to a slight increase in impact resistance. The density of the composite increased by only 16% relative to the reference samples, resulting in a 389% increase in the maximum average flexural strength. Despite significant discontinuities in the structure of the produced composite, it was possible to record an increase in tensile strength and Young’s modulus by 606% and 370%, respectively.
3
Content available remote Nowe koncepcje w produkcji i wykorzystaniu profili stalowych
Cacko Robert, Czyżewski Piotr, Kochański Andrzej, Roznowski Mariusz
Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie
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2022
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nr 5-6
28--37
PL
Ze względu na bardzo szerokie zastosowanie produkcja komponentów na bazie profili stalowych jest realizowana w wielu zakładach przemysłowych. Technologia wytwarzania profili stalowych opiera się na gięciu taśm o określonej grubości, realizowanych na specjalnie zaprojektowanych liniach produkcyjnych.
4
Content available The acoustic emission (AE) controlling method of the electric sheet blanking process : a comparative study of selected data mining methods
Kochański Andrzej, Czyżewski Piotr, Moszczyński Leszek
Computer Methods in Materials Science
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2022
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Vol. 22, No. 4
189--200
EN
The article presents an experimental stand to assess the state of punch in the process of sheet blanking. Blanking trials were carried out on an eccentric press. During all the trials, there were recorded signals of acoustic emission (AE) that accompanied the process of blanking. For the recorded AE signals, the methodology of data preparation and analysis was presented. On that basis, the results of the assessment of the state of the punch were presented, and they employed five methods of visualization: Andrews curves, Principal Components Analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis, a modified method of Stochastic Neighbor Embedding and Sammon Mapping. The aim of the work was to assess the possibility of using visualization methods to predict the condition of the tool on the basis of acoustic emission signals in processes carried out in extremely short times.
5
Content available Defects analysis of seat belt tensioner cast body
Soroczyński Artur, Czyżewski Piotr, Rechowicz Krzysztof
Welding Technology Review
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2020
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R. 92, nr 2
33--38
EN
The article presents an analysis of the implementation of a selected element of the traveler safety system used in road transport. The results of metallographic tests were presented, and the state of stress introduced to the casting by means of forming the element by means of plastic forming was analyzed. An analysis of the manufacturing process was carried out indicating the risks that may lead to cracks in the material structure. Possible causes of founding defects were pointed out and possible technological solutions were pointed out in order to avoid them.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę wykonania wybranego elementu wyposażenia systemu bezpieczeństwa podróżnych, stosowanego w transporcie samochodowym. Przedstawiono wyniki badań metalograficznych oraz dokonano analizy stanu naprężeń wprowadzanych do odlewu poprzez kształtowanie elementu metodą obróbki plastycznej. Dokonano analizy procesu wytwarzania wskazując na zagrożenia, które mogą prowadzić do powstawania pęknięć w strukturze materiału. Wskazano na możliwe przyczyny powstawania wad odlewniczych oraz wskazano możliwe rozwiązania technologiczne w celu ich uniknięcia.
6
Content available Properties of polypropylene composites filled with microsilica waste
Kościuszko Artur, Czyżewski Piotr, Wajer Łukasz, Ościak Adrian, Bieliński Marek
Polimery
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2020
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T. 65, nr 2
99--104
EN
The paper presents the results of investigations of processability and mechanical properties of polypropylene composites filled with microsilica, which is waste from the metallurgical industry. Composite molded parts containing 10% and 20% of microsilica waste respectively were characterized, among others, by higher Young’s modulus value and lower shrinkage value in comparison to the unfilled polypropylene. In addition, a correlation was observed between the changes in the post-molding shrinkage value and the changes in the mechanical properties of the molded pieces that took place during their conditioning within 240 hours after they were taken out of the injection mold.
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań przetwarzalności oraz właściwości mechanicznych kompozytów polipropylenowych napełnionych mikrokrzemionką, stanowiącą odpad z przemysłu hutniczego. Wypraski wtryskowe z kompozytów zawierających, odpowiednio, 10% i20% odpadowej mikrokrzemionki charakteryzowały się m.in. większą sztywnością oraz mniejszym skurczem przetwórczym niż wypraski z nienapełnionego polipropylenu. Zaobserwowano ponadto korelację zmian skurczu wtórnego i właściwości mechanicznych wyprasek, zachodzących podczas ich kondycjonowania w ciągu 240 h od chwili wyjęcia z formy.
7
Content available Recycling of ABS operating elements obtained from industry 3D printing machines
Marciniak Dawid, Czyżewski Piotr, Sykutera Dariusz, Bieliński Marek
Polimery
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2019
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T. 64, nr 11-12
803--810
EN
The article presents new application of the material obtained from the recycling of acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene (ABS) – the material acquired from operating parts of industry Dimension Elite 3D printer by Stratasys. The operating parts were used to prepare the regranulate and to produce filament, the latter of which was applied used in the FFF technology (Fused Filament Fabrication). Manufactured in the FFF technology, test specimens were used to determine the selected mechanical properties and to compare the obtained results with the properties characteristic of molded pieces made of ABS regranulate that were produced by injection molding. The paper presents results of tests performed on a filament, obtained from the ABS regranulate and indicates characteristic processing properties of that material. It also discusses beneficial processing parameters for injection molding (IM) and 3D printing (FFF). The study also presents selected results of tests of functional properties of ABS products in the FFF technology. The research results have allowed to assess the possibility of recycling of the operating parts of 3D printers in FFF.
PL
Przedstawiono nowe zastosowanie materiału uzyskanego z recyklingu ABS (akrylonitryl-butadien-styren) pochodzącego z elementów eksploatacyjnych przemysłowych drukarek 3D Dimension Elite (Stratasys). Z elementów eksploatacyjnych przygotowano regranulat i wyprodukowano filament, który następnie zastosowano w technologii przyrostowego wytwarzania FFF (ang. Fused Filament Fabrication). Wytworzone w technologii FFF próbki posłużyły do oznaczenia wybranych właściwości mechanicznych oraz porównania ich z właściwościami charakteryzującymi wypraski z regranulatu ABS, uzyskane metodą wtryskiwania. Oceniano cechy filamentu otrzymanego z regranulatu ABS, wskazano także na charakterystyczne właściwości przetwórcze tego surowca. Określono korzystne pod względem wytrzymałości mechanicznej parametry procesów wytwarzania: wtryskiwania ciśnieniowego (IM) oraz drukowania 3D (FFF), wyznaczono też właściwości użytkowe wytworów z ABS, otrzymanych w technologii FFF. Wyniki badań pozwoliły na ocenę możliwości recyklingu zużytych elementów eksploatacyjnych przemysłowych drukarek 3D w technologii FFF.
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