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Pattern of secondary infection with Saprolegnia spp. in wild spawners of UDN-affected sea trout Salmo trutta m. trutta (L.), the Słupia River, N Poland

Ciepliński M., Kasprzak M., Grandtke M., Giertych M., Steliga A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 3

230--238

EN

Ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN), a disease of unknown etiology affecting salmonids, has been observed in some rivers in the north of Poland since 2007. Fish affected by UDN die, inter alia, as a result of secondary infection caused by water molds from the Saprolegnia genus. UDN is considered to be an important factor affecting the decline of Polish salmonid populations observed in recent years. Patterns of secondary infection and differences between sexes in UDN-affected wild, adult sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta) during the 2014 and 2015 spawning season have been described on the basis of photographic documentation and image analysis. Male fish are most commonly infected in the dorsal region, while females in the head and tail areas. When comparing the infection patterns in both sexes, it is clear that large areas of flanks are significantly more frequently infected in males than in females. The dorsal half of the tail fin is most commonly affected by pathological changes in females. These findings are discussed in relation to various factors predisposing salmonids to Saprolegnia spp. infections during the spawning season. The presented infection patterns can be helpful in preliminary diagnosis of early stages of secondary infection with Saprolegnia spp. in UDN-affected salmonids.

2

W jaki sposób przeprowadzać eksperymenty w PL-LAB2020?

Belter B., Łopatowski Ł., Giertych M., Ogrodowczyk Ł., Krawiec P., Sosnowski M., Wiśniewski P., Gumiński W.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2015

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nr 12

1434--1439

PL

Przedstawiono sposób oraz zasady prowadzenia eksperymentów z wykorzystaniem infrastruktury badawczej PL-LAB2020. Omówiono system umożliwiający zdalny dostęp użytkowników do zasobów laboratoriów PL-LAB2020 ze zwróceniem uwagi na funkcjonalności portalu PL-LAB. Następnie zaprezentowano procedurę realizacji eksperymentu w portalu PL-LAB oraz z wykorzystaniem narzędzi Fed4FIRE - federacji europejskich sieci badawczych. Ostatecznie przedstawiono zasady dostępu i prowadzenia eksperymentów w sieci PL-LAB2020.

EN

The paper presents the procedures and rules for running experiments in PL-LAB2020 research infrastructure. An overview of the system enabling user remote access to PL-LAB2020 laboratories is provided with the focus on the PL-LAB Portal service. Furthermore, the procedures for running experiments using PL-LAB Portal and Fed4FIRE tools are described. Finally, a set of rules for PL-LAB2020 access and experiment execution is presented.

3

Rozległe sieci badawcze dla testowania rozwiązań nowych generacji Internetu

Belter B., Łopatowski Ł., Giertych M., Burakowski W., Tarasiuk H., Wiśniewski P., Schauer P., Gierłowski K., Samociuk D.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2015

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nr 8-9

681--690

PL

Dokonano przeglądu rozległych infrastruktur badawczych tworzonych w ramach projektów naukowo-badawczych na potrzeby testowania i walidacji proponowanych rozwiązań dla nowych generacji Internetu. W szczególności przedstawiono zapotrzebowanie środowisk badawczych dla korzystania z się citestowych oraz pokrótce omówiono najważniejsze projekty infrastrukturalne realizowane w ramach 7. Programu Ramowego Unii Europejskiej i ich kontynuację w programie Horyzont 2020.

EN

The paper provides an overview of wide area research infrastructures developed for testing and validation of the proposed solutions in the area of next generations of the Internet. Furthermore, the paper presents motivations coming from research team for having such infrastructures. The most important projects dealing with such testbeds from 7FR, Horizon 2020 and other not-European contries are shortly described. Finally, recent efforts in Poland to develop the discussed infrastructures are summarized with focus on PL-LAB and PL-LAB2020.

4

Laboratorium SDN

Binczewski A., Belter B., Łopatowski Ł., Giertych M., Ogrodowczyk Ł., Chydziński A., Samociuk D., Tarasiuk H., Sosnowski M., Wiśniewski P.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2015

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nr 12

1409--1412

PL

Przedstawiono rozproszone laboratorium SDN, które jest częścią infrastruktury ogólnopolskiej sieci badawczej PL-LAB2020. Laboratorium oferuje heterogeniczne środowisko sprzętowe, które zapewnia szerokie spektrum funkcjonalności dla potencjalnych użytkowników PL-LAB2020.

EN

This article presents the SDN Laboratory which is a part of Polish research infrastructure PL-LAB2020. The laboratory provides distributed and heterogeneous network environment that offers variety of equipment and technologies for Software Defined Networking oriented experiments.

5

Infrastruktura PL-LAB2020

Binczewski A., Belter B., Łopatowski Ł., Giertych M., Burakowski W., Tarasiuk H., Bęben A., Sosnowski M., Krawiec P., Granat J., Wiśniewski P., Szymak W., Grzech A., Świątek P., Schauer P., Adamkiewicz R., Woźniak J., Gierłowski K., Gumiński W., Nowicki K., Chydziński A., Adamczyk B., Samociuk D., Brachman A.

Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

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2015

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nr 12

1399--1404

PL

Przedstawiono infrastrukturę sieci badawczej PL-LAB2020. Zaprezentowano 7 laboratoriów badawczych PL-LAB2020 umożliwiających prowadzenie badań w głównych ich obszarach zdefiniowanych dla programu Horyzont 2020. Przedstawiono szczegóły infrastruktury operacyjnej PL-LAB2020 łączącej zasoby poszczególnych laboratoriów zlokalizowane w 6 ośrodkach naukowo-badawczych w jedno rozproszone środowisko badawcze. Ostatecznie pokazano, jak infrastruktura PL-LAB2020 została połączona z innymi sieciami badawczymi w Europie.

EN

The paper presents details of the PL-LAB2020 research network infrastructure. It presents 7 PL-LAB2020 research laboratories enabling research in key research areas defined for Horizon 2020. Furthermore, the PL-LAB2020 operational infrastructure is described which interconnects resources of all laboratories located in 6 research centers forming a single distributed research and experimentation environment. Finally, it is shown how PL-LAB2020 integrates with other research networks in Europe.

6

Early-season defoliation of Sorbus aucuparia L. and Acer platanoides L. can induce defense mechanisms against the spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch)

Giertych M., Karolewski P., Oleksyn J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 3

443-452

EN

Artificial defoliation is often used in studies of induced defense reactions of plants to damage by arthropods. However, little is known about the role of various external factors that may determine the nature of inducible defenses. Here we tested whether light level under which plants grow could affect the natural invasion of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) with a broad range of host plants. For this study we used two host species that differ widely in shade tolerance: shade-adapted Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sun-adapted European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.). The purpose of this study was to explore mite invasion and to test whether prior simulated defoliation, light conditions and host species differences in secondary defense metabolites (soluble phenolics) play a role in the pattern of invasion. One-year-old maple and ash seedlings growing in pots were placed into two shade houses that produced a treatment with 5% light transmittance, and the second group of seedlings was placed in full sunlight. The experiment was carried out in a location chronically affected by spider mite presence. The defoliation was performed in mid-May by manual removal of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100% of leaves. Natural two-spotted spider mite invasion took place in mid-July and was observed only on seedlings growing in the shade. Mites were found on leaves of almost all seedlings. However, the intensity of feeding damage to leaves was related to the level of earlier defoliation. Control and slightly to moderately (25.50%) defoliated seedlings of both species were most affected by spider mites. Mite feeding behavior was directly linked to changes in concentration of leaf carbon and phenolic compounds. Carbon content was positively correlated with the percent of seedlings damaged by spider mites in both tree species (R[^2]> 0.80; P <0.05). The highest concentration of phenolic compounds was observed in leaves of seedlings subjected to 50 and 75% defoliation. Our results indicated that two-spotted spider mites preferred plants grown in a shade environment and within these plants favored leaves which are high in carbon and low in phenolic compounds. Both plant species were able to survive early season leaf damage inflicted by spider mites. Inducible phenolic compounds were among defensive secondary metabolites contributing to low spider mite success in plants recovering from artificial spring defoliation.