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1
Content available remote Polish Armed forces in the national security system
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2012
|
nr 3(88)
101-113
2
Content available remote Ewolucja systemu zarządzania kryzysowego
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2011
|
nr 2(83)
331-346
EN
Currently, the dynamic development of culture and civilization of the world and Europe are accompanied by changes and reevaluation in the environment of challenges and risks that the world community, including the Polish society must often confront. This environment creates numerous non-military and military crises, and management in these situations is becoming increasingly important. Reducing the risk of threats and creating efficient mechanisms for taking over control of them through rationally planned actions, and thereby ensuring the safety of people, property and natural environment requires an efficient crisis management system in the country. The situation outlined in the article prompts to reflect on the integrity and effectiveness of crisis management system as one of the most important components of national security. The article is an attempt to revise the evolution of the crisis management system of the state, its identification and formulation of needs and outline possible directions of its development.
3
Content available remote Zmienne podstawy zarządzania kryzysowego w Polsce
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2009
|
nr 3(76)
134-143
EN
The article contains the analysis and interpretation of main crisis management notions. The author carries out a critical analysis of such terms as crisis management, crisis situation and crisis. He also discusses relations between challenges, threats and crisis situation. In the final part of the article he makes a division of crisis threats and presents their brief characteristics.
4
Content available remote Zgrupowania wojsk lądowych w terenie zabudowanym
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2006
|
nr 2(63)
148-157
EN
Political transformations of the last decade of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century and also connected with them increase of national and international conflicts started numerous revaluations in the conceptions of military forces engagement. This led to NATO’s and European Union’s growing interest in intervention and peace operations problems within the broad term of security. This resulted in enlarging the traditional area of armed forces tasks with crisis management and peace support operations. Through a dialogue, cooperation, partnership and using selected armed forces’ components, the UN, OSCE, NATO and EU try to stabilize different countries and regions. Future war operations or below the threshold of war operations will definitely be conducted within Multinational Task Force, their foundation will make tactical groups delegated by particular countries. This awareness obliges us to be prepared as a NATO and EU member to create and effective operations within such groups in various conditions. If we take this into consideration, then it will be easier to answer the question what the land forces will be like in future. The problems of fighting in the built up area is the field of research and changes that are currently conducted in many armies in the world. Not only does this show the significance of the problem, but also causes that the adopted solutions are swiftly out-of-date. Hypothetical predictions show the need of changing the theory of fighting in the built up area, particularly relating to the land forces content and way of engagement. Solving crisis situations will be performed mainly using multinational task forces, the basis of which will be land forces groups.
5
Content available remote Rozważania o współczesnej taktyce
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2006
|
nr 4(65)
226-237
EN
The political changes of the last decade of the 20th and the beginning of 21st century as well as the escalation of internal and international conflicts connected with them, has initiated many réévaluations in conceptions with respect to the use of the armed forces. These changes did not omit the tactics theory as a component of military art, which studies the events occurring on the battlefield. That is why today - paying attention to the actual conditions, the role of the armed forces in assuring security - it is worth asking the following question: how do we understand the tactics and tactical level operations and what are the relationships between them? While the basic role of the armed forces was to prepare and wage a war, tactics generally were understood as the theory and practice of fight. Armed forces, as a political tool of the country, had to execute two essential tasks: to defend the interests by guarding the territory and/or to conquer other nations to achieve intended political goals (end-states). Such statements are not rising any controversies, if we assume (in accordance with C. Clausewitz’s theory) that the role of a soldier is only the fight. One question remains unanswered: is this opinion still valid today, in a new realm of security? The analysis of soldiers’ participation in crisis situations confirms that his role is not only to fight but also to execute the tasks stemming from the needs of stabilisation in the regions of conflicts, such as humanitarian aid, etc. This situation caused the widening of the notions of ‘tactics’ and 'tactical operations', not only limiting them to the fighting.
6
Content available remote Operacje militarne wojsk lądowych w terenie zabudowanym
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2005
|
nr 2(59)
87-95
EN
A continuous development of civilisation causes a progressive environment urbanisation. New towns are constantly appearing, the already existing ones expand very fast. Scientists dealing with the environment urbanisation predict that in the middle of the 21st century towns will cover 75% of people’s living area. Fast economic development will increase the level of urbanisation and density of the area. Not only the size but also the character of the urban area will change. Towns and urban areas, as political, administrative, industrial and culture centres, gain more and more importance. They are often railway, road, air and sea junctions. Towns contain enormous qualified human reserves as well as food, resources and industrial goods reserves. They play an important role in the whole country functioning. The last conflict in Iraq shows that taking control of urban complexes that are important in the functioning of the country (government administration, media, energy supplies) determines the success of military operations. It means that towns will not lose their military importance in probable future combat operations, which has been proved by the analysis of the last conflicts from the second half of the 20th century. It has been concluded that operations in urban areas will become dominant operations. Therefore NATO's land forces have been increasingly interested in problems of urban fighting. American theoreticians and commanders claim that there is need to put forth a great intellectual effort and to invest big funds in order to find solutions to problems related to fighting in unfriendly environment such as built up areas. These analyses should be carried out very conscientiously, as both the process and its final product are very important. Mechanisms that allow building modem conceptions of fighting in urban areas should be clearly defined. Requirements relating to armament, equipment, training and the needs in the development of new commanding staff should be stated.
7
Content available remote Obrona związku taktycznego wojsk operacyjnych w aspekcie wspólnych działań z siłami obrony terytorialnej. Cz. 2, Obszary wspólnych działań związku taktycznego wojsk operacyjnych i jednostek sił obrony terytorialnej w obronie
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2002
|
nr 1(46)
162-172
EN
Progressive, dynamic changes of the modern battlefield picture increase requirements towards defence effectiveness of brigade and division tactical forces. Therefore the level of difficulty to perform defence tasks grows while delays in equipping troops in modern armament and ordinance. The defending country has a possibility to use its territory natural defence values and prepare it to defence appropriately. It is an unavailable means to an aggressor enabling the multiplication of own troops’ defence capabilities and restricting or even paralysing the enemy’s attack abilities. In such a situation the challenges that brigade and division tactical forces face are met by territorial defence troops that should be located on the whole territory of the country. It results from the analysis of tasks that operational and territorial defence troops may perform that the effectiveness of their performance of brigade and division operational forces may increase due to a competent use of combat potential and appropriate co-ordination and synchronisation of actions with territorial defence troops. Using the potential of territorial defence forces must agree with the art of waging fight by territorial defence troops. The commander of operational forces has to introduce somehow his own forces into existing defence infrastructure in the framework of territorial defence trops’ are as of responsibility.
8
Content available remote Obrona związku taktycznego wojsk operacyjnych w aspekcie wspólnych działań z siłami obrony terytorialnej. Cz. 1
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2001
|
nr 4(45)
120-134
EN
Including territorial defence forces into state defence system by assigning them many significant defensive tasks forces some transformations in conducting defence operations. The attitudes towards the role and importance of various combat actions carried out within operations change. Moreover, the issues concerning planning, organising and conducting the defence fight have reached a new dimension. The prognoses relating to our country's threats and their adequate doctrinal assumptions show the need of a constant analyses of the actions possibilities and methods, the land forces use and actions including. The operational forces and territorial defence forces receive adequate tasks. Both operational and territorial defence troops face appropriate tasks due to a worked out defence operation concept. The land operational forces brigade and division as the key body of defence operations is to be able to counteract effectively the enemy aggression in every direction of the threat. Conducting tasks may depend on comprehensive and solid support that the operational forces may receive using the assets of territorial defence forces efficiently.
9
Content available remote Czynniki operacyjne jako główne uwarunkowania działań taktycznych wojsk lądowych
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2001
|
nr 3(44)
26-36
EN
Armed fighting as a social phenomenon depends on some factors affecting this process participants. Many of them can be mentioned, however, the most important and basic of tactical operations determinants are forces, area and information. Land forces tactical unit waging a battle will be affected by factors deciding of its course. The commander's tactical talent and knowledge to select an appropriate relation between the forces, area and time and also to synchronise these mentioned above factors with designated operational task may influence the success of carried out operations. The proper use of the forces and means that the tactical unit's commander has in relation to both the enemy's actions and battlefield environment in an appropriate time conditions achieving the task.
10
Content available remote Siły Obrony Terytorialnej w Działaniach Obronnych Wojsk Operacyjnych
Sobolewski G.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
1999
|
nr 2(35)
78-85
EN
Our security should be found not only in belonging to the Alliance but mainly in uniting the efforts of operational forces, territorial defence, non-military bodies and the society defence preparation. The effective performing of tasks by ground operational forces requires substantial logistic and combat support, which these troops can gain by effective use of territorial defence troops. The basis to undertake joint operational troops and territorial defence actions is to define the character of these two armed forces components, extinguishing all differences and features which may influence their use and to precise the areas, ways and principles of joint operations. These actions can take place in local, border conflicts, in crisis situations and in alliance operations on our territory. In order to counteract a possible enemy aggression, the operational forces are forecast to defend selective regions in the brigade and/or division (tactical) operations in the first echelon or in retreat.
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