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The Effect of Work Hardening on the Structure and Hardness of Hadfield Steel

Bańkowski Damian, Młynarczyk Piotr, Depczyński Wojciech P., Bolanowski Kazimierz

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 24, iss. 1

14--20

EN

The article aims to characterize Hadfield steel by analyzing its chemical composition, mechanical properties, and microstructure. The study focused on the twinning-induced work hardening of the alloy, which led to an increase in its hardness. The experimental data show that the material hardness at the surface improved considerably after solution heat treatment and work hardening, reaching more than 750 HV. By contrast, the hardness of the material core in the supersaturated condition was about 225 HV. The chemical and phase compositions of the material at the surface were compared with those of the core. The microstructural analysis of the steel revealed characteristic decarburization of the surface layer after solution heat treatment. The article also describes the effects of heat treatment on the properties and microstructure of Hadfield steel. The volumetric (qualitative) analysis of the computed tomography (CT) data of Hadfield steel subjected to heavy dynamic loading helped detect internal flaws, assess the material quality, and potentially prevent the structural failure or damage of the element tested.

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Effects of EDM on the Chemical Composition and Microstructure of the Surface Layer of Alnico Alloys

Bańkowski Damian, Młynarczyk Piotr, Szwed Bartłomiej

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

106--111

EN

This article deals with the effects of electrical discharge machining (EDM) on the chemical composition and microstructure of cast Alnico alloys, i.e., iron-based alloys composed of aluminum, nickel and cobalt. The experiments focused on determining the chemical composition of the surface layer before and after the EDM process. The microstructure of the material altered by the EDM was also examined. The study included measurement of the thickness of the white layer characteristic of EDM. It is evident that low values of the surface roughness parameters can be obtained by correctly selecting the EDM process parameters. The average surface roughness reported in the experiments was 1 μm. The surface roughness measurements were conducted with a Talysurf CCI lite non-contact profiler. The metrological results also indicate that lower surface roughness can be obtained at small discharge energies.

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Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of a Friction Stir Welded Al-Cu Joint

Depczyński Wojciech P., Bańkowski Damian, Młynarczyk Piotr S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 4

65--71

EN

The study aimed touse3D computed tomography (CT) to analyse a joint between two dissimilar materials produced by friction stir welding (FSW). As the materials joined, i.e., aluminum and copper, differ in properties (e.g., density and melting point), the weld is predicted to have an inhomogeneous microstructure. The investigations involved applying microfocus computed tomography (micro-CT) to visualize and analyze the volumetric structure of the joint. Volume rendering is extremely useful because, unlike computer modelling, which requires many simplifications, it helps create highly accurate representations of objects. Image segmentation into regions was performed through global gray-scale thresholding. The analysis also included elemental mapping of the weld cross-sections using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and examination of its surface morphology by means of optical microscopy (OP). The joint finds its use in developing elements used in the chemical, energetics and aerospace industries, due to the excellent possibilities of combining many different properties, and above all, reducing the weight of the structure.

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Tomografia komputerowa w przemyśle odlewniczym

Bańkowski Damian

Przegląd Odlewnictwa

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2022

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Vol. 72, nr 11-12

596--597

PL

Tomografia komputerowa to badania radiograficzne 3D materiałów, wyrobów i urządzeń z wykorzystaniem promieniowania X. To jedna z metod badań nieniszczących, umożliwiająca pełną weryfikację objętościową. Nowoczesne detektory promieniowania o dużych rozdzielczościach pozwalają na bardzo szczegółową analizę skanowanych przedmiotów.

EN

The computer tomography constitutes radiographic 3D tests of materials, products and devices with using the X-ray radiation. This is one of the non-destructive tests, allowing the total volumetric verification. Modern radiation detectors of high resolutions allow for a very detailed analysis of the scanned objects.