Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Solar Park: Opportunity or Threat for Vegetation and Ecosystem

Uldrijan Dan, Černý Martin, Winkler Jan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 11

1--10

EN

Solar parks are currently considered a new source of energy generation and one of the methods for reducing the usage of fossil fuels. The studies related to the influence of solar parks on vegetation structure are not yet sufficient. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the structure of vegetation biodiversity within a solar park. The vegetation assessment took place in the solar park, located in the cadastral territory of Tišnov (Czech Republic). A total of 85 taxa of vascular plants were found. The vegetation of the solar park is species-rich and significantly fragmented. Perennial grasses and perennial dicots dominate between the panels, whereas annual grasses and annual dicots have more coverage under the photovoltaic (PV) panels. The influence of the solar park microclimate is seen in a higher representation of species with the indication of characteristics mid-continental, and species with the indication of characteristics mid-ocean are more represented among within the PV panels. The vegetation of the solar park is noteworthy from the perspective of biological importance in the agricultural landscape and has a substantial potential to perform ecosystem functions.

2

Promoting Biodiversity: Vegetation in a Model Small Park Located in the Research and Educational Centre

Winkler Jan, Jeznach Jerzy, Koda Eugeniusz, Sas Wojciech, Mazur Łukasz, Vaverková Magdalena Daria

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 1

146--157

EN

University campuses, as important elements of urban greenery, are related with a positive impact on student health and well-being. They provide unique possibilities for estimating biodiversity change. This study focused on the biodiversity in the Campus. The study aimed at: assessing the plant biodiversity occurring in the park; assessing the representation of native species and determining the frequency at which invasive species occur; as well as recommending an adaptation of the park management. The Park was sub-divided into biotopes and a phytocoenological relevé was recorded. Park projects create biodiversity islands that may contribute to improve urban space. A species composition that is close to natural vegetation creates a space for native species, which thus better adapt to living in urban conditions. Localities created by humans, which imitate natural ecosystems, increase the biodiversity and are valuable natural islands in cities. The semi-natural phytocoenoses however, do not resist the occurrence of invasive plant species. Regarding the small size of the studied park, manual elimination or cutting of invasive plant species is sufficient.

3

Effect of Application of Soil Amendments on the PAHs Level in the Fire-Affected Forest Soil

Martínez Barroso Petra, Winkler Jan, Oulehla Jan, Vaverková Magdalena Daria

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 23, nr 3

26--38

EN

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are introduced to the environment from anthropogenic and natural sources. The most significant natural source of PAH are wildfires and volcanic eruptions. The PAHs occurring in the soil mostly bind to the root system of plants. Phytodegradation, specifically rhizospheric degradation, can reduce the PAH levels in soil with the help of plants roots. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of soil amendments on the PAHs level in the burnt soil (BS). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of application of soil amendments (compost, biochar, and bentonite) on the PAHs level after performing experiment with two grass species (Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra). Biochar and compost turned out to be the most effective amendments, regardless of the used grass species. Phytomanaged BS without added amendments also demonstrated the potential for PAH dissipation, but only in the case of Festuca rubra. It has been proven that the application of soil amendments together with the test grass species induced important changes in the BS properties (alteration of soil pH with related change of Kow of individual PAHs; root system on which soil microorganisms thrive) which evoked an increased bioavailability of PAHs.

4

Influence of land use on plant community composition in Vysocina Region grasslands, Czech Republic

Winkler Jan, Mazur Łukasz, Smékalová Marta, Podlasek Anna, Hurajová Erika, Koda Eugeniusz, Jiroušek Martin, Jakimiuk Aleksandra, Vaverková Magdalena Daria

Environment Protection Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 48, nr 4

21--33

EN

Human disturbance is an important factor in forming vegetation. According to our hypothesis, anthropogenic activity and changes in the species composition of grass communities occur in the process of co-evolution. Understanding co-evolution, to better predict future changes in the entire ecosystem. Five grassland sites were selected with different methods of use and hence different anthropogenic disturbance regimes. The results show that the composition of grassland communities responds to the methods of their use. The needs and demands of our civilization are changing. Humans co-create plant communities the preservation of which depends on their use by humans.

5

Vegetation of Abandoned Fields on Soil Types of Kastanozems in Northern Kazakhstan (Kostanay Region)

Ryspekov Tilepbergen, Jandák Jiří, Balkozha Marzhan, Winkler Jan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 22, nr 10

176--184

EN

This study provides original data on the impact of human activity on vegetation under the specific conditions of the Kastanozem from the Kostanay region (northern Kazakhstan). Radical changes in land use are provoking deposition in vegetation. The question remains whether natural vegetation will return or whether a different type of vegetation will be created under the specific conditions of the Kastanozems soils. The evaluation of vegetation took place in the fields that were abandoned in different time horizons. Height, cover, biomass weight and species composition of vegetation were monitored. The vegetation of abandoned fields is characterized by low species diversity. Succession runs from annual species to a stage where perennial dicotyledonous species with a deep root system dominate. Spontaneous vegetation leaves a sufficient amount of biomass on the soil surface, which assumes that the land will be protected from undesirable phenomena such as erosion and desertification processes.