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Study on the ecological succession of microbial communities during hot composting of livestock manure

Zhen Xiaofei, Song Ti, Liu Jia, Luo Miao, Li Shange

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2023

Vol. 30, nr 1

79--89

There have been various environmental issues in the treatment and resource utilisation of solid waste of livestock and poultry industry in Gansu Province. Thus, in this study, manure of cattle, pig, and chicken from farms near the Lanzhou University of Technology in Lanzhou City, Gansu Province were selected as raw materials for composting using 10 % corn stalk as a leavening agent for aerobic static composting. This study focused on bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes community succession during livestock manure composting and the underlying microbial degradation mechanism. The results demonstrated that during livestock manure composting, the number of the above-mentioned types of microbes was all positively correlated with the temperature of the compost piles. In the initial stage of composting, the number of microbes increased as the temperature increased, and reached the peaks at the highest temperature, after which, their numbers decreased with the decrease in temperature. At the end of composting, in the cattle, pig, and chicken manure compost piles, the number of bacteria were respectively (3.1 ±1.0) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w., (4.4 ±1.0) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (6.7 ±1.8) · 109 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively, those of fungi were (8.6 ±1.2) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w., (7.2 ±1.6) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (8.0 ±2.8) · 104 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively, while those of actinomycetes were (8.8 ±2.2) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w., (9.5 ±2.1) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w. and (6.32 ±0.98) · 106 CFU·g–1 d.w., respectively.

Study on the rate of O2 consumption and purification of tail biogas with a biofilter in the composting process

Zhen Xiaofei, Luo Miao, Li Zhenggui, Zhang Yongheng, Wang Weiwei, Kang Jian

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2022

Vol. 29, nr 1

87--97

For aerobic static composting, fresh cow, pig, and chicken manures were used as feedstock and mixed with 10 % corn straws, which was considered as the bulking agent. In the composting process of different livestock and poultry manures, the changing trends of temperature, pH, conductivity, density, and other parameters were intensively studied. The results were as follows: (1) after the tail biogases of composting systems – using cattle manure, pig manure, and chicken manure - were introduced into the biofilter, the concentration of O2 decreased slightly, but the concentration of CO2 increased. The odour in these tail biogases declined significantly, and thus the biodegradation of tail biogas was obvious. (2) The oxygen consumption in the different periods of the composting process of these three manures was almost the same, and the average oxygen consumption for the three manures was 0.928, 0.937, and 0.945 m3/kg, respectively. Under standard conditions, the density of oxygen is 1.429 g/L, and the average oxygen consumption in the composting processes of these three manures was 1.326, 1.338, and 1.350 kg/kg, respectively.