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Using Allometric Equations to Estimate Mangrove Biomass and Carbon Stock in Demta Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia

Indrayani Ervina, Kalor John Dominggus, Warpur Maklon, Hamuna Baigo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 5

263--271

EN

The mangrove ecological services as carbon sinks and storage are very useful in the efforts to mitigate global warming and climate change. In this study, the above and below-ground biomass, carbon stock, as well as carbon sequestration by the mangroves in Demta Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia were estimated. Allometric equations were used to determine the mangrove biomass in 36 observation plots. The biomass value was used to determine carbon stock and estimate carbon sequestration. Nine mangrove species were found in Demta Bay, with the contribution of mangrove species to biomass (AGB and BGB) in the following order: Rhizophora apiculata > Rhizophora mucronata > Bruguiera gymnorhiza > Bruguiera cylindrica > Heritiera Littoralis > Xylocarpus molucensis > Rhizophora stylosa > Avicennia marina > Sonneratia caseolaris. The average mangrove biomass was estimated at 174.20 ± 68.14 t/ha (AGB = 117.62 ± 45.68 t/ha and BGB = 56.58 ± 22.49 t/ha). The carbon stocks in mangroves at the Ambora site were higher than the Tarfia and Yougapsa sites, averaging 123.57 ± 30.49 t C/ha, 81.64 ± 25.29 t C/ha, and 56.09 ± 39.03 t C/ha, respectively. The average carbon stock in the mangrove ecosystem of Demta Bay is estimated at 87.10 ± 34.07 t C/ha or equivalent to 319.37 ± 124.92 t CO2 e/ha. The results of this study indicate that the mangrove ecosystem in Demta Bay stores quite high carbon stocks, so it is necessary to maintain it with sustainable management. Therefore, climate change mitigation is not only done by reducing the carbon emission levels but also needs to be balanced by maintaining the mangrove ecosystem services as carbon sinks and sequestration.

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The Impact of Tsunami on Mangrove Spatial Change in Eastern Coastal of Biak Island, Indonesia

Hamuna Baigo, Kalor John Dominggus, Tablaseray Vivia Elvanny

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 3

1--6

EN

This study was conducted to find out how large was the impact of the tsunami incident of 1996 on the mangrove spatial change and also to understand the distribution and level of mangrove density before and after tsunami in Biak Island (Oridek District and East Biak District), Biak Numfor Regency, Indonesia. In order to determine the condition of mangrove before tsunami, landsat 5 TM satellite image acquisition of July 6, 1994 and landsat 7 ETM+ satellite image acquisition of August 31, 2000 were used. The information about the distribution and extent of mangroves was obtained by analyzing the spectral values based on color composite image (RGB 453) and NDVI analysis. Overlay map of the result satellite image interpretation was used to learn the change of mangrove spatial extent area due to tsunami. The result showed that the mangrove area before the tsunami was 286.83 Ha (high density 36.63 Ha, medium density 140.60 Ha and small density 109.60 Ha), meanwhile the mangrove extent area after the tsunami was 102.51 Ha (high density 24.39 Ha, medium density 22,86 Ha and small density 55.26 Ha). The mangrove conditions before tsunami were crucial to the impact of mangrove area degradation directly. The change of mangrove spatial extent into two districts after tsunami occurred in 1996 amounts to 184.32 Ha, which it approximately 202.50 Ha mangrove being lost and the addition of mangrove in the new area are 18.18 Ha. The tsunami that occurred in 1996 affected the coastal ecosystems, especially the mangrove ecosystems in Oridek District.

3

Cytotoxic Test of Octopus cyanea Ink Extract

Kalor John Dominggus, Simaremare Eva Susanty, Futwembun Allowisya, Wabiser Gloria, Gunawan Elsye, Yabansabra Yuliana Rut

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 8

144--152

EN

Marine biodiversity of Papua is very high, but unfortunately research and utilization in medicine are limited. Many species of flora and fauna are used in ethopharmacology as drugs but without scientific explanation, e.g. octopus (Octopus cyanea), found in the Northern Papua Sea. The aim of this research was to test the toxicity of the ethanol octopus ink. The toxicity was tested with the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The samples were collected from the sea of Biak island in West Papua, extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane then tested the toxicity for Artemia salina leach larvae. The toxicity test involved concentrations of 1000, 750, 500, 250, 100, 75, 50, and 25 ppm. The result showed that ethanol extract of octopus ink has LC50 of 290 ppm, ethyl acetate extract has LC50 of 947 ppm, whereas dicholoromethane extract – 2190 ppm.