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Evaluation of changes in rural areas under the selected measures of the European Union’s common agricultural policy

Woch F., Jędrejek A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

2016

nr IV/4

1771--1788

The current paper presents the results of evaluation of the influence of selected measures within Rural Development Programme (RDP), such as spatial development, afforestation, land consolidation, water management, village renewal and agri-environmental programmes on rural areas in Poland. The data used in the study cover the years 2004-2015, and were collected from the reports of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Polish Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (ARMA), Polish Central Statistical Office (CSO), with special consideration given to normative acts concerning the Rural Development Plan 2007-2013 and 2014-2020, and the results of a study on different aspects of rural development conducted at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy (IUNG-PIB). Our study clearly shows that aforementioned measures differ significantly in terms of the level of implementation in Poland. Thus, the spatial development operation, one of the most important activities in relation to the sustainable development of rural areas, has not been introduced in RDP as s separately task. Additionally, the initiatives regarding water retention were also not fully implemented under the RDP 2007-2013 because of the shortage of time. The process of land consolidation has contributed only to very little change in land use, from about 1% in “classical” method to 4% in “complex” method of land consolidation in the total area. On the other hand, a decline in reforestation has been observed in comparison of RDP 2004-2006 and RDP 2007-2013, which is considered to be appropriate and should lead to the target rate of afforestation of approximately 33%. The village renewal measure was entirely introduced and has a very positive effect on the agricultural environment. Agri-environmental programme plays an important role for both ecological and economical aspects of the agricultural environment and its realization covers a very wide range of actions. In conclusion, all the analysed measures have a very positive effect on the agricultural environment. However, they should be implemented more quickly and comprehensively which should lead to a more sustainable development of rural areas in Poland.

Ocena rozdrobnienia gospodarstw rolnych dla określenia rozmiarów prac scaleniowych w Polsce

Jędrejek A., Woch F., Szymański L.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

2014

R. 86, nr 10

3--10

W opracowaniu przedstawiono stan aktualny oraz potrzeby poprawy rozłogu gruntów gospodarstw rodzinnych w Polsce. Oceny stanu rozłogu gruntów dokonano na podst. danych Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa, z 2013 r., wszystkich rodzinnych gospodarstw rolnych, tj. o powierzchni 1-300 ha, które weszły do systemu wsparcia. Analizą objęto łącznie ok. 0,75 mln gospodarstw. Oceny potrzeb scalania gruntów dokonano na podst. kryteriów regionalnych, zaproponowanych przez Wojewódzkie Biura Geodezyjne. W Polsce gospodarstwa rodzinne, będące w systemie wsparcia posiadają średnią (ok. 16-hektarową) powierzchnię, na którą składa się ok. 6 działek ewidencyjnych o ok. 3-hektarowej powierzchni. Potrzeby prac scaleniowych ustalono na poziomie ok 7,1 mln ha, tj. 69,14% powierzchni użytków rolnych. Największe potrzeby występują na obszarze południowej, południowo-wschodniej oraz centralnej Polski. Aby realnie zmniejszać powierzchnię o niekorzystnym rozłogu, należy prowadzić scalenia gruntów co najmniej po 50 tys. ha rocznie.

The study presents current status and the need to improve a distribution of land in family agricultural holdings in Poland. Assessment of the distribution of lands within an area of 1-300 hectares, which came to the system of agriculture support has been done on the basis of data provided by the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (ARMA) for 2013. The analysis included a total of 0.75 million of family agricultural holdings. Evaluation of the need of land consolidation was based on regional criteria proposed by the Regional Offices of Geodesy and Agricultural Areas. In Poland, family agricultural holdings which are included to the system of agricultural support have an average area land of 16.0 hectare, which comprises 6 cadastral plots of approximately 3.0 hectare acreage. The need for land consolidation was estimated at the level of app. 7.1 million ha (69.14% of total agricultural land area). The greatest needs can be found in the southern, south-eastern and central parts of Poland. To actually reduce the surface of the adverse expanse of land, consolidation should include at least 50 thousand ha per year.