Представлены результаты исследований аэродинамических характеристик малоразмерного натурного обрати ДПЛА схемы «бесхвоапка» в аэродинамической трубе Т-1 МАИ. Представлены результаты расчетна-теоретических исследований ряда характеристик того же МДПЛА, проведено сравнение теоретических и экспериментальных результатов. С использованием данных, полученных вэксперименте, проведены оценки характеристик боковой устойчивости МДПЛА.
EN
This paper presents results of investigations on aerodynamic characteristics of small real scale UAV with tailless configuration. The results were obtained with using wind tunnel T-1 in Moscow Aviation Institute. Analytical empirical results of investigations of number of characteristics of that MUAV were presented and comparison of theoretical and experimental results was done. With utilization of the results received during investigations, the evaluation of lateral stability characteristics of MUAV was done.
Представлены результаты исследований аэродинамических характеристик малоразмерного натурного обрати ДПЛА схемы «бесхвоапка» в аэродинамической трубе Т-1 МАИ. Представлены результаты расчетна-теоретических исследований ряда характеристик того же МДПЛА, проведено сравнение теоретических и экспериментальных результатов. С использованием данных, полученных вэксперименте, проведены оценки характеристик боковой устойчивости МДПЛА.
EN
This paper presents results of investigations on aerodynamic characteristics of small real scale UAV with tailless configuration. The results were obtained with using wind tunnel T-1 in Moscow Aviation Institute. Analytical empirical results of investigations of number of characteristics of that MUAV were presented and comparison of theoretical and experimental results was done. With utilization of the results received during investigations, the evaluation of lateral stability characteristics of MUAV was done.
Представлена математическая модель, программная реализация и результаты моделирования полета ДПЛА в условиях воздействия на него возмущений различной природы - порывов ветра, отклонения органов управления, сброса полезной нагрузки.
EN
This paper presents mathematical model and its software realization and flight modeling results of UAV in conditions of influence of varied external forces - gusts, displacements of controls, and release of payload.
Дастся общая характеристика задач управления для перспективных БИЛЛ, в числе которых есть такие, которые не поддаются решению с помощью средств традиционных видов. Показано, что для решения этих задач требуются интеллектуальные системы управления, обладающие способностью к планированию поведения, обучению решению новых задач, адаптации к меняющимся условиям. Выделяются и анализируются четыре уровня адаптации: параметрическая адаптация (самонастройка): структурная адаптация (реконфигурация и реструктуризация): адаптация объекта (корректировка границ системы); адаптация целей управления (корректировка потребностей).
EN
There are many tasks associated with flight control for modern and advanced aircraft including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are nor solved (or solved very unsatisfactorily) with traditional roots. It has been recognized in recent years that we are needed intelligent control systems. We can define the general characteristics of intelligent control systems as having an ability to emulate human capabilities, such as planning, learning and adaptation. Four kinds (hierarchical levels) of adaptation are distinguished and analyzed: parametrical adaptation (adjustment, self-adjustment): structural adaptation (reconfiguration and/or restructuring); object adaptation (correction of system composition); goal adaptation (adjustment of demands).
Problems associated with a motion simulation for vehicles moving through resisting media are considered with special emphasis to mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (mini-UAV). Areas of theoretical and experimental investigations are discussed with reference to modern understanding for such processes as well as measuring system capabilities. An experimental approach is suggested to simulate quasi-free controlled motion of the vehicles. This approach is based on wind tunnel experiment by using mounting with multiple degrees of freedom.
In the paper are presented the considerations on the possibilities of using In micro unmanned serial vehicle (MUAV) of new materials construction. The authors reveal the interdependence of the components of the PAN carbon composite and nanocomposite in the statistical aspects by studying the physical and mechanical properties of the components.
Artificial neural network (ANN) capabilities are analyzed for some problems associated with UAV motion control. A synthesis of adjust controller is carried out to minimize a difference between behavior of the controlled system (control object + adjust controller) and a reference model. An approach offered is tested computationally by solving of longitudinal short-period UAV motion control problem. Results obtained demonstrate high efficiency of the approach.
Some results of research and development efforts carried out at the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI) are considered for areas associated with mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (mini-UAV). Such fields are analyzed as structural mini-UAV typical features, manufacturing problems, as well as aerodynamics, flight dynamics and control for such vehicles especially for low Reynolds number values.
Artificial neural network (ANN) capabilities are analyzed for some problems associated with UAV motion control. A compact and effective representation is built for nonlinear UAV motion model using ANN. The representation is used to adjust dynamical properties for UAV considered as control object. Desired UAV properties are described by means of nonlinear reference model. An approach offered is tested computationally by solving of longitudinal short-period UAV motion control problem.
A problem of dynamical properties improvement for an UAV is considered. This problem is suggested to solve by means of intelligent control tools, in particular, with tools based on artificial neural networks. An approach is offered to evaluate UAV dynamical properties by using a reference model described some desired behavior for the UAV. A controller structure is built to force UAV motion lead to the behavior prescribed.
A problem of test maneuver design is discussed in the case of statically unstable aircraft. The results obtained can be applied to formulation of the control laws for an aircraft within a predetermined frequency range. There appears a kind of duality for such control laws, namely, an input signal stabilizes and disturbs the dynamic system states at the same time.
This paper deals with the following mathematical models of the parachute system(PS): - Mathematical model of the PS motion at the inflation and descent stages, - Mathematical model of the parachute inflation, When solving the considered problems the descending object is assumed to be a solid body, the parachute canopy has a symmetrical form, and the PS moves a calm atmosphere at a subsonic speed. The PS motion at the stages of inflation and decent is described by a system of ordinary differential equations. A model of the PS inflation is described in terms of the theory of soft permeable shells reinforced by flexible ribbons. The mathematical models used in calculations allow for finding a trajectory, determination of the kinetic parameters of the PS motion, and computation of the forces acting in the canopy structural elements and forces acting in the joint between the parachute and body.
Almost all kinds of men's activities associated with design, manufacturing and maintenance of complex systems consist of next two main classes of problems: a generation of decision alternative set allowed for situation studied, and decision making, i.e. choice of some decision alternative from the set of allowed ones. A role of various kinds of uncertainties related to complex system design process is discussed based on intelligent flight control system design example. A mixed information technology is used for this problem solving based on mathematical modeling, multi-purpose system methodology and artificial neural networks. This approach promises to stay an effective technical decision generation and making tool for problem solving with various kind of uncertainties involved.
There are many problems associated with flight control for modem and advanced aircraft which are not solved (or solved very unsatisfactorily) with traditional tools. It has been recognized in recent years, that to realize more flexible and effective control systems it is necessary to combine other elements, such as logic, reasoning, heuristics etc., with the algorithmic techniques provided by conventional control theory, and such systems have come to be known as intelligent control systems. Research in the intelligent control field are based on soft computing methods and tools, including artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms and some others. The goal of the report is to discuss and analyse capabilities of intelligent control methods and tools according mainly to flight control requirements.
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