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2 Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2 2007

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Viscoelasticity measurement of skin in vivo by rheometer

Nemoto T., Isogai Z., Koide K., Itoh Y., Nogata F., Shimamoto A., Matsuura H.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2007

Vol. 21, nr 2

33-36

Purpose: The pressure sore is a trouble by the mechanical loading. As for this, the stress concentration occurs to the skin surface, and, next, sphacelation is meant by the skin. However, there is a case where the pressure sore is not improved even if the stress is removed. For this case, defective fixation of the skin is more remarkable than the general person. In this research, the appraisal method was quantitatively proposed for the soundness of the skin. Design/methodology/approach: This paper proposed the model of the mechanism where the skin received the shear stress and the pressure sore was generated. To verify this model experimenting, it examined it in pathology. Findings: The experimental results showed that first of all, to measure the viscoelastic property of the skin with in vivo, the measuring instrument using the rheometer was developed. Next, it made comparative study with the state of pathology of the pressure sore with this measuring instrument. As a result, it was able to be suggested that defective fixation of the skin decide the form of the pressure sore. In addition, it has understood though the state of the therapeutic approach and the prognosis can be evaluated. Research limitations/implications: In this research, the skin was measured using the probe and the rheometer which devised the stage. At this time, the datum point of the rheometer measured by assuming in the bone upper part. Practical implications: This paper cleared that it is influence of the measurement place of a skin viscoelasticity value. As a result, it was suggested that the preventive care of the bedsore becomes possible. Originality/value: The objective of this research project was to develop the skin appraisal method was quantitatively proposed.

Finger curvature movement recognition interface technique using SEMG signals

Itoh Y., Uematsu H., Nogata F., Nemoto T., Inamori A., Koide K., Matsuura H.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2007

Vol. 23, nr 2

43-46

Purpose: Until recently, keyboard has been used as the primary input method for machinery operation system. But in recent years, numerous methods related to direct input interface have been developed. One of them is to measure the surface electric potential that generates on the skin surface during muscle contraction. Based of this fact, hand finger operation can also be recognized with the help of the surface muscle electric potential. The purpose of this study is to identify the hand finger operation using surface electromyogram (SEMG) during crookedness state of the finger. Design/methodology/approach: Two electrodes (Ag-AgCl electrode) were sticked randomly on the forearm muscles and the intensity of EMG signals at different muscles were measured for each crooked finger. Then depending on the intensity of the obtained electric potentials, a position was located and considered to have participated most actively during the crookedness state of that finger. Thus five locations on the forearm muscles were identified for five different fingers. Moreover, four different types of crookedness states were considered for each finger. Findings: In this experimental study, the electric current that generates on the skin during muscle activity was measured for different hand finger operations. As a result, it is found that there is a specified position related the maximum intensity of EMG signals for each finger. Practical implications: This paper cleared that the amount of crookedness of each finger can also be recognized with the help of surface EMG. It could be used as a machine interface technology in the field of welfare equipments, robot hand operation, virtual reality, etc. Originality/value: The objective of this research project was to develop the method of recognizing the hand finger operation and their crookedness states from surface electromyogram (SEMG).