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2 Archives of Civil Engineering

2 2025

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Structural design and simulation analysis of large permeable parking lot in sponge city based on SWMM

Bai Chaoqin, Wang Yibo

Archives of Civil Engineering

2025

Vol. 71, nr 2

331--344

To improve the safety of urban underground parking lot and promote the construction of sponge city, a large parking lot structure of sponge city was designed based on rainstorm water management model (SWMM). A new permeable material paving method was designed for a parking lot in Handan City, and a low impact development (LID) parking lot model was constructed based on the SWMM. The simulation results showed that the runoff reduction effect of the permeable parking lot was significant. There was a delay of 3.36 minutes during the 30 minutes of rainfall period. During the 60 minutes rainfall period, there was a delay of 8.5 minutes. The lowest runoff reduction rate was 44% for a 100-year return period. The highest runoff reduction rate was 100% for 60 minutes rainfall duration and a 1-year return period. The lowest runoff reduction rate was 50% for a 100-year return period. The LID permeable parking lot had better runoff control effect, with a total runoff volume of 233 m3, a reduction rate of 83.5%, a peak flow rate of 0.152 m3/s, and a reduction rate of 73.4%. The LID parking lot model developed based on the SWMM has better drainage and water storage performance, making it more suitable for the construction of large permeable parking lots in sponge cities. The permeable parking lot structure studied effectively reduces the time of runoff effect of parking lot, improves the safety of underground parking lot during rainstorm, and promotes the construction and development of sponge city.

Optimal allocation of urban land space based on NSGA2

Guo Yi, Bai Chaoqin, Zhao Peiwen

Archives of Civil Engineering

2025

Vol. 71, nr 1

157--172

Urban land spatial optimization is one of the important issues in urban planning and land resource management. As the speed advancement of urbanization and the continuous increase of population, the rational use of land resources has become the key to sustainable urban development. Based on this, the study adopts the optimization goals of maximizing gross domestic product (GDP), reducing aerosol optical thickness and non-point source pollution (NPSP) load, and reducing land use change costs and incongruity. Three constraints are set simultaneously, including minimum construction land, water body, and cultivated land area. In addition, a fast non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA2) with elite strategy is used to address it. The outcomes denoted that the iterative distance of the proposed algorithm on the Bin and Cohen functions was only 0.048%, which was 0.522% lower than that of the NSGA2. Meanwhile, the reverse iteration distance value of this algorithm was only 4.14%, which was 22.76% lower than the adaptive weighted genetic algorithm. In addition, the algorithm’s Spacing value was only 4.28%, and the hypervolume index value was as high as 78.66%. This indicated that the research method had a good optimization effect on the optimal allocation (OA) of land space in urban agglomerations, providing scientific decision-making support for sustainable urban development.