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1
Content available Formation of a Favorable Filtration Regime of Soils in Saline Areas of the Danube Delta Rice Irrigation Systems
Turcheniuk Vasil, Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Kuzmych Lyudmyla, Volk Pavlo, Prykhodko Nataliia
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
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2023
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Vol. 70, nr 1
115--128
EN
The environmental state of rice irrigation systems (RIS) is determined by many factors, including natural ones (soil, topographical, hydrogeological, and climatic factors) and technological ones (irrigation norm, design, and parameters of irrigation and drainage networks, etc). The most significant influence on the ecological reclamation state of the RIS carries is effected by its drainage network (DN). The need to maintain a flushing water regime with specific filtration rates to prevent secondary salinization in the Danube Delta’s rice systems is a crucial aspect of managing these agricultural areas. In the saline areas of rice systems located in the Danube Delta, the DN must ensure the maintenance of the flushing water regime with the rates of filtration ranging between 10 to 12 mm/day. This is a prerequisite for preventing secondary salinization of irrigated lands of these rice systems. According to the results of studies, the filtration from the surface of the irrigation checks of the Danube Delta RIS has been established, and its values in the area of the rice check vary significantly. Different intensity of filtration in the area of rice checks causes the difference in mineralization of groundwater and in the content of salts in the soil. This leads to the fact that the same rice check created various natural reclamation conditions and different productivity of cultivated crops.
2
Content available The efficiency of waste hot water utilisation to improve the temperature conditions for growing plants
Turcheniuk Vasil, Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Kuzmych Lyudmyla, Volk Pavlo, Koptyuk Roman, Romanyuk Ivan, Voropay Galyna
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2022
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no. 54
94--100
EN
One of the rational ways of energy saving is to use the heat of wastewater from energy companies for open ground heating and cultivation crops. The most significant sources of heat are thermal and nuclear power plants that produce low-thermal waters of 28-35°C. Heating of the ground with the use of circulating warm water allows to increase temperature at all points of the soil profile. The maximum thermal effect from heating ground is observed at the depth of pipe heaters (7.3- 11.1°C). Ground heating allows to extend the growing season for crops by 3-4 weeks, which can expedite harvesting and thus maximise the harvest. In natural moisture conditions, ground heating does not lead to significant reduction of moisture reserves in the active layer throughout the growing period. There is a redistribution of moisture in a soil profile. It decreases in the zone of pipe heaters and redistributes toward the top. The formation of the nutrient regime changes, the content of mobile phosphorus and potassium, and nitrate nitrogen increases, whereas the content of ammonia nitrogen is reduced. Ground heating is a new special heat reclamation technique. It allows not only to control temperature of the agricultural crop environment, but also to dissipate heat in the ground, and promote the utilisation of waste heat and the stabilisation of the environment.
3
Content available Water Supply of the Ukrainian Polesie Ecoregion Drained Areas in Modern Anthropogenic Climate Changes
Kuzmych Lyudmyla, Furmanets Oleh, Usatyi Serhii, Kozytskyi Oleh, Mozol Nazar, Kuzmych Anna, Polishchuk Vitalii, Voropai Halyna
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
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2022
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Vol. 69, nr 1
79--96
EN
The paper focuses on research on improving the water supply of drainage systems of humid areas in the context of anthropogenic climate change. The aim of the research is to elaborate on the ways for increasing the available water supply of drainage systems and restoring active water regulation on reclaimed lands in a changing climate. Reclaimed lands are the main factor of sustainable agricultural production in Ukraine and guarantors of its stability. The area of drained lands in Ukraine is about 3.2 million hectares, including 2.3 million hectares drained with the help of closed drainage; in an area of 1.3 million hectares a two-way regulation of the soil water regime is carried out. An increase in air temperature and uneven distribution of precipitation, which has a torrential, local character in the warm period, do not allow for the effective accumulation of moisture. The recurrence of droughts in different justified climatic zones of Ukraine has increased by 20–40%, which prevents sustainable agricultural production in the zone of sufficient atmospheric moisture, in particular the Polesie Ecoregion. In this paper, the analysis of water consumption of reclaimed lands in the Polesie Ecoregion of Ukraine is carried out, on the examples of the drainage system “Maryanivka” and the calculation of the water supply for the corn and winter wheat.
4
Content available A Technological System for Using Waste Warm Water from Energy Facilities for Effective Agriculture
Turcheniuk Vasil, Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Kuzmych Lyudmyla, Volk Pavlo, Koptyuk Roman
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
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2022
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Vol. 69, nr 1
13--25
EN
The waste warm waters from power plants, owing to their temperature regime (25–38°C) and the volumes of discharge, allow for their use for heating of open ground areas in agriculture. Underground heating by such water is a new, special heat and irrigation method which enables not only purposeful regulation of temperature conditions of the crop growing environment, but also dissipates heat in the soil, thus cooling the water for its reuse. This makes it possible to reduce the thermal pollution of water sources.
5
Content available Improving Water Supply Capacity of Drainage Systems at Humid Areas in the Changing Climate
Kuzmych Lyudmyla, Voropay Galyna, Moleshcha Nelya, Babitska Olena
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
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2021
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Vol. 68, nr 1
29--40
EN
The paper focuses on research on improving the water supply of drainage systems of humid areas in the context of climate change. The aim of the research is to elaborate on the ways for increasing the available water supply of drainage systems and restoring active water regulation on reclaimed lands in a changing climate. The paper presents the results of the research on improving the available water supply of drainage systems in the humid zone of Ukraine in a changing climate. It was specified in the face of increasing water scarcity providing the optimal water regime regulation on drained lands is possible due to the increase in the available water supply of drainage systems. It can be achieved thanks to the accumulating capacity of reclaimed areas, namely usage of free soil capacity of the aeration zone and open canals, accumulation of water reserve volumes in storage tanks due to the accumulation of surface and drainage runoff. Taking into account the design features of different types of drainage systems, existing water management technologies, characteristics of water sources and their close proximity to the drainage systems, the technological schemes of water intake from rivers and reservoirs, and its supply to the drained areas for irrigation needs were developed. In a face of increasing water scarcity, it is also expedient to apply resource-saving technologies to control the available water supply for crops.
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