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Absence of evidence for viral infection in colony-embedded cyanobacterial isolates from the Curonian Lagoon

Sulcius S., Staniulis J., Paskauskas R., Olenina I., Salyte A., Ivanauskaite A., Griniene E.

Oceanologia

2014

No. 56 (3)

651--660

The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of viral infections in colony-embedded cells of the cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Microcystis aeruginosa collected from the brackish Curonian Lagoon. Natural and mitomycin C-treated A. flos-aquae and M. aeruginosa samples were examined for the presence of viruses and lysis by a combination of light-, epifluorescence and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Here we report a lack of evidence for virus infection, progeny formation and cell lysis in colony-embedded cells of A. flos-aquae and M. aeruginosa. These results indicated that viruses contribute little to the mortality of these cyanobacteria when the latter occur in colonies. Consequently, the results supported the hypothesis that colony formation can, at least temporarily, provide an efficient strategy for protection against virus-induced mortality. Finally, assuming that grazing has a negligible effect on colony-embedded cells in the Curonian Lagoon, we propose that most of the cyanobacterial biomass produced is lost from the pelagic food web by sedimentation.

Morphology and distribution of phage-like particles in a eutrophic boreal lagoon

Sulcius S., Staniulis J., Paškauskas R.

Oceanologia

2011

No. 53 (2)

587-603

In this paper we present the results of direct observations of the morphology and size of phage-like particles by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as a function of their spatial distribution in the shallow highly productive Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea. In total, 26 morphologically different forms of phage-like particles were found. Different trends of distribution in terms of abundance, size and shape of virus-like particles were demonstrated. The total abundance of viruses varied from 1.91×107 ml-1 to 5.06×107,/sup. ml-1. The virus to bacteria ratio (VBR) changed from 15.6 to 49 and was negatively associated with total bacterial numbers (r = -0.60; p < 0.05). The phages of family Myoviridae were the most diverse and were dominant at all stations.