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The development of unconsolidated sedimentary coastal cliffs (Pobrzeże Kaszubskie, Northern Poland)

Uścinowicz G., Jurys L., Szarafin T.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 2

491--501

EN

In the course of fieldwork based on geological and landslide mapping and spatial analyses of map information at least 2 types of landslides were identified. Type I: simple landslides developed in homogeneous and undisturbed rocks, for instance – loams, clays and sands. This type of landslide includes many examples developed mainly on the stretch (segment of the studied area) approximately between 132.25 and 133.50 km and 128.50 and 129.50 km of the Polish coastline. Type II: complex landslides in which the movement and displacement of rock masses occurs under complex geological and hydrogeological conditions. The complex factors are determined by phenomena such as glaciotectonics, discontinuities of rock layers and thrust zones; the slip surface occurs at considerable depths, and sometimes several slip surfaces can be distinguished. These landslide types are located in the vicinity of Jastrzębia Góra and Rozewie, near km 134 and 131.5. Prediction of the formation of this landslide types is difficult. Even if long-term observations are available, the mass movement, variable over time, is difficult to interpret. It is clear that the changes are continuous, but occur with varying intensity. Proper recognition of the types of mass movement is crucial to establishing the appropriate methods to prevent their development.

2

Identyfikacja zagrożeń wywołanych ruchami masowymi w przestrzeni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie map osuwisk Gdańska i Gdyni

Jurys L., Uścinowicz G., Małka A., Szarafin T., Zaleszkiewicz L., Pączek U., Frydel J., Przezdziecki P., Kawecka J.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

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2014

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R. 55, nr 2-3

116--125

PL

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie zasadniczych problemów kartograficznych przy rozpoznawaniu i dokumentowaniu osuwisk oraz terenów potencjalnie zagrożonych ruchami masowymi w obszarach miejskich Gdańska i Gdyni. Określenie lokalizacji i stopnia aktywności osuwisk oraz zagrożeń związanych z ich ponownym uruchomieniem wspomoże władze lokalne we właściwym zagospodarowaniu przestrzeni oraz wypełnieniu obowiązków dotyczących problematyki ruchów masowych wynikających z odpowiednich ustaw i rozporządzeń. Rozpoznanie lokalizacji i zasięgu osuwisk jest pomocne w tworzeniu planów odnoszących się do ryzyka osuwiskowego, czyli w ograniczeniu w znacznym stopniu szkód i zniszczeń wywołanych rozwojem osuwisk oraz zaniechaniu łub dostosowaniu budownictwa drogowego i mieszkaniowego w warunkach panujących w obrębie osuwisk.

EN

The aim of this article is to depict the fundamental cartographic difficulties towards appropriate recognition and evidence of landslides and areas potentially at risk of mass wasting, within urban zones of Gdańsk and Gdynia. Designation of landslide location, activity, and assessing a threat of landslide reactivation, is going to support the local authorities spatial planning accuracy - an obligation resulting from the adequate laws and regulations. A proper recognition of landslide location and coverage helps to apply suitable arrangements, aiming to reduce the damage caused by landslide development, as well as omission, or adaptation of road construction and housing, within areas being at risk of mass wasting and landslide activity.

3

Baltic Sea coastal erosion; a case study from the Jastrzębia Góra region

Uścinowicz G., Kramarska R., Kaulbarsz D., Jurys L., Frydel J., Przezdziecki P., Jegliński W.

Geologos

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2014

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Vol. 20, No. 4

259--268

EN

The coastline in the Jastrzębia Góra area can be divided into three major zones of general importance: a beach and barrier section, a cliff section, and a section protected by a heavy hydrotechnical construction. These areas are characterised by a diverse geology and origin, and hence different vulnerability to erosion. In addition, observations have demonstrated a different pace of erosion within each zone. Based on the results obtained by remote sensing methods (analysis of aerial photographs and maps), it has been determined that the coastline in the barrier area, i.e., to the west of Jastrzębia Góra, moved landwards by about 130 m, in a period of 100 years, and 80 m over about 50 years. A smaller displacement of the shoreline could be observed within the cliff. Between the middle of the twentieth and the start of the twenty-first centuries the shore retreated by about 25 m. However, in recent years, an active landslide has led to the displacement of the uppermost part of the cliff locally up to 25 m. Another issue is, functioning since 2000, a heavy hydrotechnical construction which has been built in order to protect the most active part of the cliff. The construction is not stable and its western part, over a distance of 50 m, has moved almost 2 m vertically downwards and c. 2.5 m horizontally towards the sea in the past two years. This illustrates that the erosional factor does not comprise only marine abrasion, but also involves land-based processes determined by geology and hydrogeology. Changes in the shoreline at the beach and barrier part are constantly conditioned by rising sea levels, the slightly sloping profile of the sea floor and low elevation values of the backshore and dune areas. Cliffs are destroyed by mass wasting and repetitive storm surges that are responsible for the removal of the colluvium which protects the coast from adverse wave effects. Presumably, mass movements combined with groundwater outflow from the cliff, plus sea abrasion cause destabilisation of the cliff protection construction.

4

Spherical, magnetic grains of extraterrestrial origin, isolated from Pacific sediments

Uścinowicz G.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 3

48-53

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the existence of cosmic spherules in oceanic sediments. Two cores recovered from the Clarion-Clipperton fault zone (northeastern Pacific Basin) contain magnetic spherules of extraterrestrial origin. Their chemical compositions and morphological features show the degree of heterogeneity of cosmic material reaching the earth’s surface. The diverse origins of spherules from the Pacific Ocean explains their diverse composition and does not allow for the classification of the material into a single group. In addition, the time interval over which sediments accumulated extends for an estimated period of approximately 200 000 years to the present.

5

The age of the Przełazy (Seelasgen) meteorite fall in the light of the metallic spherule content

Stankowski W., Uścinowicz G.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2011

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Vol. 61, no. 1

115-124

EN

Based on a study of the frequency and composition of the fine-grained magnetic fraction of peat profiles, the age and possible location of the Przełazy (Seelasgen) meteorite fall have been established. The impact took place at the site of the present peat-bog, south-west of the village of Przełazy. The date of the fall was estimated as the end of the Late Glacial and the beginning of the Holocene.

6

Micro-scale magnetic grains from shallow water sediments of the Gulf of Gdańsk

Uścinowicz G.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2009

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Vol. 38, No.4

21-30

EN

Three cores recovered from the Gulf of Gdańsk in 2006 contain magnetic spherules of different origins. According to their chemical compositions and morphological features the magnetic grains were divided into two groups: (1) anthropogenic spherules primarily composed of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3; (2) Fe-oxide spherules of extraterrestrial origin. These two groups are present in the surface sediments, indicating they are products of both man-made pollution and an influx of extraterrestrial matter. The presence of anthropogenic dust in the marine sediments is a record of pollution from nearby industrialized areas. On the basis of the presence of these spherules a tool could be developed for studying sedimentation rates in the marine sediments. However more precise studies are required to develop this method.