Effective and environmentally friendly utilization of suitable solid biofuels requires introduction of modern mechanization evaluated on basis of severe and measurable ecological demands. The study presents results of measuring of emissions O2, CO2, CO, NOx, CxHy during combustion of wooden pellets, billet poplar wood and wheat energy corn in the monitored prototypes of hot-water boilers with manual and automated fuel supply. For these devices -with nominal heat output of 30 kW was simultaneously determined the heat effectiveness.
Since the mid 1990s, resulting from concerns on climate change and its connection to the emission of greenhouse gases, the main interest in alternative fuels has been concentrated on fuels from biomass or rather carbon dioxide neutral fuels. Autumn 2001 the European Commission presented a draft communication and two directive proposals concerning the promotion of using bio fuels and other renewable fuels and also on the taxation of bio fuels. In May 2003 a directive for promotion of bio fuels and other renewable fuels came into force. On the basis of acquired information and own work the contribution involves review of national standards concerning alternative motor fuels. In connection with gradual introduction of the alternative motor fuels, research and development in this field in the time of anticipation of the European standards generation is presented.
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The paper is an introduction to the process of starting in Ukraine production of biofuels for the energetic purposes, especially for driving the internal combustion engines. The authors are presenting the current world tendencies concerning the development of biofuels production and are determining the situation in this respect in Ukraine. They characterise the possible quantity of area for rape cultivation as a raw material base for such a production in the country. They also indicate the need of necessary help from the state and current co-operation with the scientific institutions in the field of development of biofuels production in Ukraine.
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