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The Influence of Growth Regulators on the Productivity of Flax Plants

Khodanitska Olena, Shevchuk Oksana, Tkachuk Olesia, Kuryata Volodymyr, Polyvanyi Stepan, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Kryklyvyi Rostyslav

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 5

163--169

Contemporary agrobiology is aimed at solving the problem of sufficiently stable agricultural crop yield, given the principles of eco-friendly nature use and mandatory monitoring of anthropogenic load on agrocenoses. Hormonal regulation of physiological functions, including the use of preparations based on phytohormones and modifiers of their activity, is one of the topical directions for tackling the problem of plant productivity. The article presents the research results of the effect of the inhibitor of antigibberellin action – chlormequat chloride – and the stimulator based on treptoleum phytohormones on the processes of morphogenesis, the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus, and the yield of flax plants. The plant height is established to decrease under the action of chlormequat chloride, and increase under the influence of treptolem. Both preparations caused an increase in the flax stem diameter. When applying growth regulators, the number of leaves and their total surface area, duration of functioning increased, which generally contributed to the improvement of the crop structure and flax plants productivity. Determination of the content of residual amounts of drugs was carried out on samples of leaves and stems of flax, while the complete absence or traces of chlormequat chloride was noted.

Influence of Chlormequatchloride on Morphogenesis and Productivity of Cruciferous Plants

Polyvanyi Stepan, Polyvana Alina, Sakalova Halyna, Shevchuk Oksana, Khodanitska Olena, Tkachuk Olesia, Matviichuk Oleksandr, Knyazuk Oleg, Stepanenko Inna, Zavalnyuk Oksana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 9

53--60

At present, there are burning issues concerning waste utilization of the agro-industrial complex, rational usage of nature and transition to the use of environmentally friendly and low-waste technologies. One of the most forward-looking areas is the application of the principles of the so-called "green chemistry", in particular, the development of technological processes using renewable raw materials and chemicals, the chemicals with a short half-life and low cost while ensuring maximum efficiency. The article presents the results of antigiberrelic preparation effect, which is characterized by low dosage and half-life in soil from 3 to 43 days on productivity, growth processes, anatomical, morphological features and functioning of the leaf apparatus of white mustard plants and rapeseed. The research shows that CCC-750 reduced the height of mustard and rapeseed plants. Inhibition of growth processes of white mustard plants at the beginning of the flowering phase with an anti-gibberellic preparation led to increased stem branching, which, in its turn, resulted in an increase in the number and area of leaves throughout the growing season. Moreover, the use of quaternary ammonium salt on winter rape plants has led to a reduction in the number of leaves and leaf area in comparison to the control samples. The application of the retardant caused an increase in the productivity of the studied cultures due to the increase in the number of pods, the increase in the mass of thousands of seeds and the number of seeds in the pod.

The Efficiency of Small Reserves for the Conservation of Biological Diversity of Typical Landscapes of the Middle Pobuzhya

Matviichuk Oleksandr, Shevchuk Oksana, Holunova Liudmyla, Khodanitska Olena, Tkachuk Olesia, Polyvanyi Stepan, Vasylinych Tamara

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 3

79--86

One of the approaches to reduce the level of anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems is to form a network of protected habitats in areas that are intensively used by humans. An attempt was made to determine the abundance of flora and fauna and environmental efficiency in the context of intensive agricultural development in the small Podillya reserve «Ivankivskyi». The flora and fauna of the territory on the outskirts of the village Ivanky of Vinnytsia district (Lypovets territorial community) were studied with the help of generally accepted and modified methods. It was conducted to determine the environmental value of the territory, the possibility of functioning within its protected area and at the same time preserving the forms of traditional use by the locals. The birds of the territory as the largest structural component of its fauna are studied in the most detail. The factual material was collected during field research for all the seasons of 2019-2021. Materials of scientific publications, professional literature, oral reports of specialists, etc. were processed. For all species of birds, the nature of the stay on the territory, belonging to different ecological and faunal groups were established: by nesting place and dominant food spectrum. The flora and fauna of this territory have not been studied yet, as well as its environmental value has not been determined. Animal species that are protected by the Red Book of Ukraine, international protection conventions are identified. The results of the study testify to the fact that a specific floral and faunal complex was formed within the studied area, which includes 105 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 75 genera, 26 families and 3 divisions: division Equisetophyta (1 species), Pinophyta (2 species), Magnoliophyta (102 species); 82 species of animals of the Chordata type: class Amphibia (2 species), Reptilia (1 species), Aves (68 species), Mammalia (11 species). The results presented in this publication can be the basis for the organization of further monitoring of flora and fauna of the object, the development of a set of special actions for their preservation.