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Activity-travel patterns of workers and students: a study from Calicut city, India

Babu D., Balan S., Anjaneyulu M. V. L. R.

Archives of Transport

2018

Vol. 46, iss. 2

21--32

Travel behaviour studies in activity-based perspective treat travel as a result of individual’s desire to participate in different activities. This approach is more significant in the context of developing countries, as the transportation problems are more severe here. Since, commuters contribute to a major share in the travel, understanding their travel behaviour is essential. This paper aims to explore the travel behaviour of commuters in Calicut city, Kerala State, India and thereby model their activity-travel patterns. Household, personal and activity-travel information from 12920 working people and 9684 students formed the database for this study. The data collection was performed by means of home-interview survey by face-to-face interview technique. From preliminary analysis, several simple and complex tours were identified for the study area. Working people’s work participation and students’ education activity participation decision are modelled as mandatory activity participation choice in a binary logit modelling framework. Results of this mandatory activity participation model revealed that male workers are more likely to engage in work compared to females. Presence of elderly persons is found to negatively influence the work participation decisions of workers. This may be due to the fact that, work activity may be partially or completely replaced with the medical requirements of the elderly. The chances for work activity participation increase with increase in number of two-wheelers at home. In the case of students, as the education level increases, they are found to be less likely to participate in education activities. Students are observed to follow simple activity-travel pattern. Complex tours are found to be performed by males, compared to females. Activity-travel pattern of the study group are predicted using the developed models. The percentages correctly predicted indicate reasonably good predictability for the models. These kind of studies are expected to help the town planners to better understand city’s travel behaviour and thus to formulate well-organised travel demand management policies.

Measures to reduce transportation greenhouse gas emissions in Romania

Vasile E., Balan M., Grabara I., Balan S.

Polish Journal of Management Studies

2012

Vol. 6

215-223

The greenhouse gas emissions from transport have registered a severe increase over the years about 23% of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulted from burning fossil fuels worldwide. In this context, it is observed the increasing need to shift to sustainable transport patterns for taking into consideration a wide-scale use of alternative energy sources (e.g. bio-fuels, biogas) and also, the investments in environmental technologies research and development etc. Romania has a national transport system situated on average level in terms of conventional standards of Europe's transport system. But, it was noted that the infrastructure of roads, railways, maritime and air transport is vulnerable in terms of extreme weather conditions. Considering the indirect effects of climate change, they are manifested by deteriorating road and rail infrastructure. The paper presents some of the measures adapted by Romania to reduce the greenhouse emissions produced by the transport sector. The adaptation of the Romanian transport sector to climate change impacts should take into account the use of technologies by focusing on increased safety standards, and ensuring continuity of services. In order to implement these measures it is increased the need to invest into designing vehicles that can withstand the adverse effects of climate change. The new transport infrastructure and means of transport should be designed, beginning with the design phase, in order to be resilient to the effects of the climate change.

Emisje gazów cieplarnianych pochodzących z transportu odnotowały silny wzrost w ciągu roku, wzrost dwutlenku węgla (CO2) o 23% wynikał ze spalania paliw kopalnych na całym świecie. W tym kontekście należy zauważyć rosnącą potrzebę przejścia do zrównoważonych modeli transportu dla uwzględnienia na szeroką skalę wykorzystania alternatywnych źródeł energii (np. biopaliwa, biogaz), a także inwestycji w zakresie badań środowiska, technologii i rozwoju itp. Rumunia posiada krajowy system transportowy który znajduje się na średnim poziomie w zakresie konwencjonalnych standardów europejskiego systemu transportu. Ale zauważono, że infrastruktura dróg, linii kolejowych, transportu morskiego i lotniczego jest podatna na działania ekstremalnych warunków pogodowych. Biorąc pod uwagę pośrednie skutki zmian klimatu, manifestują się one drogą pogarszającej infrastruktury kolejowej. Przedstawiono niektóre z działań dostosowanych przez Rumunię do zmniejszenia emisji gazów cieplarnianych pochodzących z sektora transportu. Dostosowanie sektora transportowego do rumuńskiego skutków zmian klimatu powinny uwzględniać wykorzystanie technologii poprzez skupienie się na zwiększenie standardów bezpieczeństwa i zapewnienia ciągłości usług. W celu wykonania tych środków jest zwiększona konieczność inwestowania w projektowanie pojazdów, które mogą wytrzymać niekorzystne skutki zmian klimatycznych. Nowa infrastruktura transportowa i środki transportu powinny być zaprojektowane, począwszy od fazy projektowania, aby być odporne na skutki zmian klimatycznych.