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Budget of 90Sr in the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea)

Saniewski M., Zalewska T.

Oceanologia

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2018

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No. 60 (3)

256--263

EN

In the period from 2005 to 2011 the major source of 90Sr to the Gulf of Gdańsk was the Vistula river. Its contribution was 99.7% of the total load. The main processes responsible for the decrease in 90Sr activity in the Gulf of Gdańsk were: radioactive decay (87%) and sediment deposition (13%). Average increase in the activity of 90Sr in the Gulf of Gdańsk during the study period was 5.0% (114 GBq), which was almost 2 times higher than the loss of 90Sr due to radioactive decay. In the years 1997-2015, the effective half-life of 137Cs was 9.1 years and that of 90Sr was 50.3 years. Assuming a further decrease in 137Cs and maintaining 90Sr concentrations at present level, it is expected that 90Sr will become the major anthropogenic isotope having impact on the level of radioactivity in the Gulf of Gdańsk.

2

90Sr in Zostera marina from the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea)

Saniewski M., Zalewska T.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 1

24--29

EN

90Sr activity was determined in Zostera marina collected in the Gulf of Gdańsk in 2008-2013. 90Sr activity in Z. marina from Jama Kuźnicka and Klif Orłowski range from 0.83 Bq kg-1 d.w. to 3.78 Bq kg-1 d.w. and from 0.68 Bq kg-1 d.w. to 4.95 Bq kg-1 d.w., respectively. The plants collected in spring-summer showed significant differences between 90Sr content in blades - 1.55 Bq kg-1d.w. in 2011 and 2.18 Bq kg-1 d.w. in 2013, and in roots - 7.75 Bq kg-1 d.w. and 11.44 Bq kg-1 d.w., respectively. The reduction in 90Sr concentrations in Z. marina roots to 1-2 Bq kg-1 d.w. in summer resulted from the transport of this element to the young parts of the plant. In autumn and winter, the 90Sr content in the blades of Z. marina was increasing and reached the maximum of 3.77 Bq kg-1 d.w. This could be explained by the process opposite to dilution, related to the biomass reduction and strontium concentration in the plant tissues. Changes in 90Sr concentration in Z. marina tissues are affected by isotope concentration in seawater as well as by salinity, which affects the concentration of Ca2+ - for which Sr2+ is a chemical analogue

3

Roślinność bentosowa jako indykator stanu środowiska Morza Bałtyckiego

Saniewski M.

Polish Hyperbaric Research

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2013

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nr 1(42)

83--101

PL

Roślinność denna może być wykorzystana do oceny stanu ekologicznego środowiska morskiego poprzez analizy gatunkowe, analizy biomasy oraz określenie wskaźnika stanu makrofitów opartego na stosunku biomasy taksonów pozytywnych do biomasy taksonów negatywnych. Makroglony ze względu na swoją zdolność do bioakumulacji zanieczyszczeń mogą być również wykorzystane do oceny stanu środowiska pod kątem skażeń substancjami niebezpiecznymi. Przykładem może być wykorzystanie fitobentosu do oceny poziomu skażenia wody substancjami radioaktywnymi. Najwyższe średnie aktywności 90Sr pomierzono w tkankach roślin w akwenach, w których stan ekologiczny określony na podstawie makrofitobentosu był najsłabszy.

EN

Phytobenthos can be used to assess the ecological status of the marine environment by the analyses of species, the analyses of biomass and the determination of the macrophyte index based on the ratio of the biomass in negative and positive species. On account of their ability to bioaccumulate, macroalgae can also be used to assess the contamination of the sea by hazardous substances. Phytobenthos is used to assess the level of the radioactive substances in water. The highest average activity of 90Sr was measured in plant tissues in the areas where the ecological status determined using macrophytobentos was by far the poorest.

4

Bioaccumulation of 137Cs by benthic plants and macroinvertebrates

Zalewska T., Saniewski M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2011

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Vol. 40, No.3

1-8

EN

137Cs activity concentrations were determined in macrophytes and macrozoobenthic organisms from the southern Baltic Sea. Cesium isotope content was analysed in macroalgae species (green, red and brown algae representatives) and in some species of vascular plants. The analyzed macroinvertebrate organisms included bivalves and a crustacean. Concentration factors (CF) were calculated using the determined 137Cs concentration in the flora and fauna organisms against that in seawater, and the bioaccumulative properties were compared. The study pointed out that the most important factors in the cesium bioaccumulation process occurring in plants are related to morphology. The highest CF values were obtained in algae Polysiphonia fucoides, Ectocarpus siliculosus and Cladophora glomerata. Decidedly lower CF values were observed in the vascular plants and macrozoobenthos representatives.

5

Bioaccumulation of gamma emitting radionuclides in red algae from the Baltic Sea under laboratory conditions

Zalewska T., Saniewski M.

Oceanologia

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2011

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No. 53 (2)

631-650

EN

The bioaccumulation ability of radionuclides 5154Mn, 57Co, 60Co, 65Zn, 85Sr, 109Cd, 110mAg, 113Sn, 137Cs and 241Am in two red algae species from the southern Baltic Sea - Polysiphonia fucoides and Furcellaria lumbricalis - was determined under laboratory conditions. P. fucoides demonstrated better bioaccumulative properties towards most of the investigated radionuclides. As a result, P. fucoides can be recommended as a good bioindicator of radioactive environmental pollution. The bioaccumulation of radionuclides in F. lumbricalis was studied during an extended laboratory experiment. The initial extensive uptake of radioisotopes was followed by the rapid removal of cations; in general, concentrations tended to decrease with time. 137Cs displayed a different behaviour, its concentration in the algae increasing over time mainly due to its large ion radius; this is a factor that could be responsible for the stronger mechanical and chemical bonding of Cs+ and that could hamper the movement of ions in both directions.