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Evaluation of circulating endothelial cells in the rat after acute and fractionated whole-body gamma irradiation

Al-Massarani G., Almohamad K.

Nukleonika

2014

Vol. 59, No. 4

145--151

Purpose: Damage to vascular endothelial cells is a well recognised complication of the irradiation. Our objective was to determine the gamma-irradiation effect on the rat circulating endothelial cells (CEC). Material and methods: Eight-week old rats were divided into four groups: group 1 – rats were exposed to acute whole- -body gamma irradiation with a wide range of single doses (0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 Gy), group 2 – rats were exposed to fractionated low doses of irradiation (0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy) every three days for two months, group 3 as group 2, but followed by two months of rest, group 4 were control animals. CEC (CD146 positive cells) in group 1 were counted following CD146-based immuno-magnetic separation after one day and one week, as well as at the end of experiment in the other groups. Results: Quantifi ed CEC showed that there was a dose-dependent reduction in CEC count in group 1 (one week after irradiation) and group 2. A partial re-population of CEC was observed at the end of experiment in both group 1 and group 2 compared to control group. Group 3 showed a signifi cant increase in CEC levels as compared with group 2 without reaching the control level. Conclusion: The number of CEC (CD146 positive cells) in rats exposed to whole-body gamma irradiation was reduced in a dose-dependent manner and it partly recovered during the two-month interval after irradiation. We suggest that CEC count may be an indicator of the radiation-induced vascular damage.

Does occupational exposure to low ionizing radiation affect endothelium health?

Al-Massarani G., Najjar F.

Nukleonika

2013

Vol. 58, No. 4

527--531

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low-radiation exposure on detachment of the vascular endothelial cells. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were measured in the peripheral blood by an immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique in 63 workers occupationally exposed to low-level ionizing radiation at the Atomic Energy Commission of Syria and in 28 controls. We found a significant difference in CEC numbers in the peripheral blood of the workers exposed to low-level ionizing radiation in comparison with those of the control samples (p = 0.0001) and no significant difference in the proportion of other blood elements in the peripheral circulation. Elevated number of CEC in occupational workers exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation may reflect an early affection of the endothelium. Long-term follow-up of these workers must be conducted to determine the clinical value of CEC as an early indicator of cardiovascular disease induced as a result of chronic occupational exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation.