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Monitoring landslides using C-band interferometry. A case study: Dunaszekcső landslide, Southern Transdanubia, Hungary

Kovács I. P., Bugya T., Czigány S., Defilippi M., Dobre B., Fabian S. Á., Lóczy D., Riccardi P., Ronczyk L., Pasquali P.

Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica

2017/2018

Vol. 51/52

87--105

As a tool for high precision deformation monitoring in broader areas, interferometric (In-SAR) time series of space-born Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are used. Nowadays, ERS, Envisat archives and Sentinel-1 images are open for the public to analyse slow moving landslides activated between 1990 and 2017. Since Sentinel-1 satellites are considered to be the workhorse of EO by the ESA during next decades, it is important to assess its applicability in landslide monitoring and mapping. In this paper, the southern part of Dunaszekcső village was analysed with PSI interferometric stacking algorithm, using SAR imagery. The advantages and limitations of the applied interferometric stacking techniques and sensors have been analysed, such as the movement history of the test site between 1992 and 2017. It was proven that Sentinel-1 PSI scatterers far exceeds the spatial coverage obtained by earlier sensors. Two orbital geometries of Sentinel-1 enabled larger spatial coverage and extract 2D displacements. The comparison of the two geometries, however, was only possible for small surfaces in the area of interest. The displacement data in the central part of the study site indicate the subsidence of the sliding block along the escarpment and in the east its movement towards the Danube. This displacement then triggered the uplift of the floodplain edges, or generated a slight eastward displacement.