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Influence of habitat structure and conditions in floodplain forests on mollusc assemblages

Kappes H., Kopeć D., Sulikowska-Drozd A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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Vol. 62, nr 4

739--750

EN

Alder floodplain forests are a rare and threatened forest type in Europe. These forests can be very rich in mollusc species. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis predicts that species richness should peak at intermediate inundation frequency, that is, at intermediate elevation above the river level. We additionally hypothesized that constantly high soil moisture can distort the usually positive correlation between the amounts of downed deadwood and snail richness, and that tree stems might be more favourable than deadwood because their vertical structure provides a better refuge during inundation events. To this end, we sampled molluscs from a core area of 20 × 20 m from eight alluvial forests with black alder in the surroundings of Łódź, Central Poland. In each core area, substrate was collected from eight random plots (0.25 m2 each). We also recorded soil pH, vascular plant species and mosses diversity, along with other structural variables. Plant indicator values were calculated according to Ellenberg. Soil quality (amongst others: soil pH, reactivity value, nutrient and moisture availability) decreased with increasing elevation above the river level. In the plot samples, we found a total of 18,497 individuals from 52 species. Mollusc species richness dropped stronger than densities with an increasing elevation above the river level. Main influences on mollusc richness and abundance originated from positive correlations with soil pH and moisture. An additional hand sampling campaign on tree stems and deadwood items in the core area revealed that coarse woody debris items on average carried twice as many individuals as did tree stems. Deadwood and tree stems supported similar numbers of snail species per item, but beta-diversity was higher on deadwood. Consequently, Jackknife 2 predicted that deadwood is utilized by about 46 species, whereas tree stems only support about 39 species. Our results indicate (1) that mollusc richness peaks at low elevations above normal water level in this type of forest, (2) that intact hydrological regimes are associated with high soil quality and mollusc biodiversity, and (3) suggest that coarse woody debris adds resources, refuges and a dispersal agent for the alder forest floor fauna.

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The impact of land use and water quality on the flora of ecotones along a small lowland river (Central Poland)

Kopeć D., Dałkowski R., Walisch M., Woziwoda B., Strumiłło M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 2

138--146

EN

The presented study describes the plant species diversity within the terrestrial-water ecotone in relation to the land-use form in a river valley. The study was performed in a lowland river valley where the main forms of riparian zones are partially urbanized, forested and agricultural; the latter being most commonly observed in the investigated region. The present study examines the vascular flora of ecotones where more than 100 plant species were identified. Ecological indices were calculated at all sampling sites based on Zarzycki’s ecological values and biodiversity indices. In addition, the aim of the study was to identify the relationships between the physico-chemical parameters of the water and the floristic indicators in the neighbouring ecotones.

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How threatened is the Polish wetland flora?

Kopeć D., Michalska-Hejduk D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 3

79-89

EN

Wetlands cover almost 14% of the area of Poland, but most of them are in bad condition. This paper aims are compiling an up-to-date Polish list of wetland species based on the data on their distribution and threat status in individual regions. 609 species were analyzed and their respective threat categories were examined in 13 local lists. It has been shown that 65% of the wetland species are classified as threatened taxa in at least one red local list. The data were used to create a formula for calculating the new threat category for each of the species. The resulting red list of wetland species includes 283 taxa.

4

Ocena skuteczności zintegrowanej ochrony czynnej populacji motyli i roślinności nieleśnej w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym

Michalska-Hejduk D., Kopeć D.

Ekologia i Technika

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2012

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R. 20, nr 1

34-40

PL

Półnaturalne łąki i szuwary turzycowe są siedliskiem wielu gatunków roślin i zwierząt, chronionych w ramach Natura 2000. Jednym ze sposobów ochrony tego typu ekosystemów był projekt "Ochrona i poprawa jakości siedlisk rzadkich motyli podmokłych łąk półnaturalnych - Motylowe Łąki", realizowany przez Regionalne Centrum Ekologiczne w czterech obszarach Natura 2000 na terenie Polski. Jednym z obszarów, objęty projektem od 2007 r., był obszar PLC 140001 Puszcza Kampinoska. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena skutków prowadzonej ochrony czynnej na zachowanie zbiorowisk nieleśnych na dwóch wybranych obiektach, nieobjętych szczegółowym monitoringiem. Badania wykazały, że w badanych zbiorowiskach roślinnych nastąpiły pozytywne zmiany, które były jednocześnie wspierane przez inne procesy, niezwiązane z wykonywanymi zabiegami ochronnymi. Największe różnice pomiędzy fragmentami koszonymi i niekoszonymi dotyczą zmiany powierzchni szuwarów turzycowych, łąk wilgotnych, zarośli wierzbowych i olsów. Często jest to związane z zachodzącymi procesami sukcesji we fragmentach nie objętych zabiegami ochronnymi. Natomiast w częściach poddanych ochronie czynnej wyraźnie wrosła powierzchnia zmienno-wilgotnych łąk trzęślicowych, gdy tymczasem ich powierzchnia we fragmentach niekoszonych nieznacznie spadła.

EN

Semi-natural, wet meadows are habitats for many butterfly species, protected in Natura 2000 sites. Among them, there are some rare species whose populations may survive only on that wetland eco-systems. Although Poland has some of the most suitable sites for the species, current changes in agriculture and land use (f.e. overgrowing, drainage, non-optimal use, fragmentation) call for extensive and quick conservation activities. Otherwise the habitat ąuality will suffer and target species may face extinction (www.rec.org.pl). In Kampinoski National Park the project "Conservation and Upgrading of Habitats for Rare Butterflies of Wet, Seml-Natural Meadows" is realised since 2007. The project is focused on conservation and upgrade of habitats for two rare butterfly species Maculinea teleius, Ly-caena dispar. The aim of this paper was to evaluate effects of active protection in two objects in Kampinoski National Park. The advantage of active protection are as follow: increasing of specimens of both butterfly species, increasing of Sanguisorba officinalis - plant which is necessary for caterpillars of one of protected butterfly, increasing of area of wet meadows (especially purple moor grass meadows). The disadvantage was leaving the biomass- especially willow shoots after cutting which can lead to eutrophication. Not stable financial support cause that it is not surę that mowing will be continuous. One, initial mowing, can lead to acceleration of the succession. Mowing sedges communities are usually not necessary. These communities are very resistant to overgrowing by willows in present water condition (they have not changed for 15 years without mowing).

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Czynniki określające stężenia i stosunki aktywności izotopów radu w wodach podziemnych

Chau N. D., Kopeć D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 6

499-505

EN

Factors controlling concentration and activity ratios of radium isotopes in groundwaters are presented. The influence of lithology, hydrological conditions and chemical composition of groundwaters on radium content is discussed. Based on simple model of adsorption/desorption processes in the rock-water system, the numerical model of evolution of radium isotopes content was developed using Monte-Carlo (MC) method. Assuming that the waters are of similar age and occur under similar conditions, one can state that concentrations of radium isotopes are the highest in Na-Cl type waters, intermediate in waters with predominant carbonate mineralization, and the lowest in sulfate-type waters. In water with predominant Na-Cl mineralization the 226Ra concentration should be higher than that of 228Ra, whereas in sulfate waters this relation is inverse.

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Using macrophytes as trophic state indicators in upland river waters: a case study of the Czarna Maleniecka River

Kopeć D., Dałkowski R., Urbaniak P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.1

119-126

EN

The study was conducted on the upper reach of the Czarna Maleniecka River from Furmanów to the ford at Piekło. Nine sampling sites were selected along this 20-km section. Detailed studies of flora and the physicochemical water parameters were performed in the 2004- 2006 period. Data on macrophytes were collected with the Mean Trophic Rank (MTR) method. The results of physicochemical measurements were analyzed in reference to the water quality classification of the Polish Ministry of the Environment. Based on the results of these studies, the authors recommend adding two species, Utricularia intermedia and Glyceria fluitans, to the list of bioindicators.

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Podwodne nagłaśnianie basenów

Kopeć D., Żółtogórski B.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Telekomunikacji i Akustyki Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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2004

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Vol. 85, nr 29

79-86

PL

Podwodne nagłaśnianie basenów jest nowym zagadnieniem w projektowaniu systemów nagłośnieniowych. W pracy przedstawiono historię badań nad słyszeniem przez człowieka zanurzonego pod wodą. Zamieszczono wyniki pomiarów czasu pogłosu basenu jak i rozkładów przestrzennych pola dźwiękowego. Wyprowadzono zmodyfikowany wzór Sabine'a oraz przedyskutowano problem projektowania systemu nagłośnieniowego basenu przez wykorzystanie procedur stosowanych w projektowaniu nagłośniania pomieszczeń.

EN

The history of researches on underwater hearing is briefly recalled. The results of measurements of the reverberation time of the 25 m swimming pool are presented and the modified Sabinę equation for water environment is derived. The distribution of sound at lm under the water surface produced by single sound source are shown as well as noise level of swimmers is given. Application of design methods used for sound systems in rooms for design of underwater sound systems is discussed.