The paper presents the results of work on the numerical hydrogeological model of the mines of theLegnica-Głogów Copper District (LGCD) in Poland. Due to the extensive impact on the rock mass and the multi-layer depression cone caused by drainage, the model covers an area of 3,049 km2 . The complicated, mutual hydraulic connections of the multi-aquifer hydrogeological system required the model to cover the area beyond the range of mining areas, and to separate 17 numerical layers. The research was carried out in the GMS software environment using Modflow computing modules. The model was updated successively, since its structure, parameters, and boundary conditions are subject to change. It was also additionally calibrated based on new data from measurements in piezometers and changes recorded in inflows to the excavations. The simulations made it possible to determine the exact water balance, with a particular emphasis on the Sieroszowice mining area, where sudden unexpected inflows were noted. Subsequently, two prognostic simulations were performed to estimate dynamic water inflows to mine workings in the years 2020 and 2025.
Wykazano różnice w wynikach badań uzyskanych metodą modelowania oraz wzorów analitycznych. Uzyskane rozbieżności porównano do obserwacji terenowych i wykazano, że w przypadku większych inwestycji przeważają zalety metod modelowych.
EN
The differences in modeling and analytical formulas were proofed. Obtained discrepancies were compared to field data. The results suggests using modeling in case of large investment.
Celem prezentowanych badań była ocena zagrożenia ze strony intensywnie zagospodarowanych przemysłowo i rolniczo obszarów Wrocławia dla wód podziemnych sąsiadujących z nimi terenów wodonośnych. Na skutek przeprowadzonych prac terenowych i laboratoryjnych zdiagnozowano potencjalne ryzyko związane z napływem wód o podwyższonych stężeniach jonów niklu i potasu. Dla metali tych wykonano model migracji masy w wodach podziemnych. Obejmował on okres 10 lat, zakładając charakter zanieczyszczenia incydentalny – niklem i ciągły – potasem, na obszarach poza terenami wodonośnymi. W wyniku prac modelowych wykazano, że w badanym okresie nie dojdzie do przemieszczenia się jonów niklu w kierunku terenów wodonośnych. Możliwa jest nawet redukcja stężeń tego metalu na skutek procesu sorpcji. W toku prac modelowych stwierdzono możliwość niewielkiego zwiększenia stężeń oraz migracji jonów potasu, szczególnie z sąsiadującego z terenami wodonośnymi cieku Zielona, nie stanowi ona jednak zagrożenia dla ujęć terenów wodonośnych Wrocławia.
EN
The aim of this study was to risk assessment from the intensely developed industrial and agricultural areas of Wroclaw for groundwater of neighboring water-bearing area. As a result of field and laboratory work, a potential risk connected with the inflow of waters with increased concentrations of nickel and potassium ions was diagnosed. For these metals mass transport model in groundwater was performed. It covered a period of 10 years assuming the incidental nature of nickel contamination and continuous potassium pollution. As a result of modeling works, it was shown that in the studied period there will be no transport of nickel ions in the aquifer towards waterbearing area. It is even possible to reduce the concentrations of this metal due to the sorption process. During the modeling was identified also possible increase of concentration and migration of potassium ions, especially from the Zielona stream, however, it is not a threat to the water intakes of Wrocław.
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In regional modeling approach vide application of finite-difference method was established due to well documentation and standard of the modeling code (MODFLOW). The authors illustrated limitation of the program on example from modeling prevailing flow zone (tectonic and karstic) in Tarnów Opolski region. Experience gained during modelling fractured-karstic groundwater Triassic system (MGWB 333) indicates that interpolation of parameters provide good results in regional scale when in local calibration high discrepancy was noticed in comparison with measured values. Deficiency of precise simulation of such issues results for example in case of protection zone delineation (advection mass transport) as well as detailed head calculation. Moreover negative feature is production of zones characterised by values far away from observed by field methods.
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