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The role of the spatially fractionated radiation therapy in the management of advanced bulky tumors

Mahmoudi Farshid, Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush, Chegeni Nahid

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 27, Iss. 2

123--135

EN

Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) refers to the delivery of a single large dose of radiation within the target volume in a heterogeneous pattern using either a custom GRID block, multileaf collimators, and virtual methods such as helical tomotherapy or synchrotron-based microbeams. The potential impact of this technique on the regression of bulky deep-seated tumors that do not respond well to conventional radiotherapy has been remarkable. To date, a large number of patients have been treated using the SFRT techniques. However, there are yet many technical and medical challenges that have limited their routine use to a handful of clinics, most commonly for palliative intent. There is also a poor understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the clinical efficacy of this approach. In this article, the methods of SFRT delivery together with its potential biological mechanisms are presented. Furthermore, technical challenges and clinical achievements along with the radiobiological models used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SFRT are highlighted.

2

Study the Anti-MUC1 antibody-based iron oxide nanoparticles on three-dimension spheroid and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell imaging

Moradi Khaniabadi Pegah, Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush, Shah Abdul Majid Amin Malik, Moradi Khaniabadi Bita

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 25, Iss. 2

69--77

EN

Non-invasive methods for breast cancer detection in early stages may help to increase the survival rate of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the application of Anti-MUC1 antibody-based iron oxide nanoparticle (SPIONs-C595) which was assessed in vivo as a molecular imaging probe for breast cancer (MCF-7) detection using MRI. Nine groups of female NRC NU/Nu mice (each group of 3), 6 to 8 weeks old were used and MCF-7 cells were injected subcutaneously into both flanks of nude mice. After two weeks the mice received an intravenous injection of different concentrations of SPIONs-C595. The uptake ability of SPIONs-C595 on three-dimension (3D) macrostructure is exploited a modified hanging drop method using Prussian blue for MCF-7 cells. The iron content was measured in liver, kidney, spleen, and tumor. The MR imaging features and biodistribution of nanoprobe was also investigated. The MR images obtained from digested tumor after nanoprobe administration in different time-period revealed that enhancement of T1 and T2 relaxation time. Moreover, the storage stability test was shown great application and no sedimentation of nanoparticles within two months storage at 4°C. Additionally, great validation of SPIONs-C595 on the 3D spheroid of MCF-7 was observed. The biodistribution analysis showed that iron content of the spleen was more than the other studied organs. These results highlighted the feasibility of an in-vivo model for detection of breast cancer MUC1 expression. Current researches are ongoing to further enhancement of relaxation times for classification of MUC1 status using clinical specimens.

3

A literature review on multimodality molecular imaging nanoprobes for cancer detection

Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush, Moradi Khaniabadi Pegah, Shahbazi-Gahrouei Saghar, Khorasani Amir, Mahmoudi Farshid

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 25, Iss. 2

57--68

EN

Molecular imaging techniques using nanoparticles have significant potential to be widely used for the detection of various types of cancers. Nowadays, there has been an increased focus on developing novel nanoprobes as molecular imaging contrast enhancement agents in nanobiomedicine. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the use of a variety of nanoprobes and their current achievements in accurate cancer imaging and effective treatment. Nanoprobes are rapidly becoming potential tools for cancer diagnosis by using novel molecular imaging modalities such as Ultrasound (US) imaging, Computerized Tomography (CT), Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Optical Imaging. These imaging modalities may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis and staging the most of cancers.