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Combined carbon content assessment method for powder metallurgy

Stanula A., Pilarczyk W.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 114, nr 1

15--21

EN

Purpose: Powder metallurgy (PM) lacks a clear method to analyse the combined carbon content based on metallography visualisation, and this article describes the creation of such a method for powder materials. Design/methodology/approach: Different methods are used to analyse combined carbon within metallurgical samples, and the hardness of components within the automotive industry is related to this question. Findings: The main aim of this paper is to determine if optical microscopy provides a reliable means to assess the combined carbon content. Research limitations/implications: For checking these items, the Optical Microscope will be used, density, hardness of sinter material, and particle size laser analysis of powder for creating the observed compact, and SEM microscope. Practical implications: This investigation provides standardised rules that can be implemented within any material laboratory. Originality/value: The analysis of powder particle size, hardness test, density check, and the investigation of the structure of powder element are presented.

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Łódź wielofunkcyjna „Laura 14” – od pomysłu do przemysłu

Ostrowski A., Strzała M., Teległów A., Juszkiewicz M., Stanula A.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

8083--8089, CD2

PL

W pracach innowacyjnych stosuje się Technology Readiness Levels – TRL (poziomy gotowości technologii), jako sposób opisu dojrzałości technologii oraz narzędzie służące porównaniu stanu zaawansowania prac nad różnymi technologiami. Jest to wykaz czynności obejmujący 9 etapów określających gotowość implementacji nowej technologii w warunkach produkcyjnych. Według niej dojrzałość technologii opisuje się od fazy konceptualizacji konkretnego rozwiązania (TRL 1), aż do etapu dojrzałości (TRL 9), kiedy ten koncept w wyniku prowadzonych badań naukowych i prac rozwojowych przybiera postać rozwiązania technologicznego, który można zastosować w praktyce – na przykład w postaci uruchomienia rynkowej produkcji w warunkach rzeczywistych. Wieloaspektowe walory łodzi wielofunkcyjnej „Laura 14” związane z bezpieczeństwem, szybkością pływania i wygoda użytkowania oraz uzyskanie praw ochronnych Urzędu Patentowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej stanowiło podstawę do nawiązania współpracy z Małopolską Agencją Rozwoju Regionalnego w Krakowie.

EN

In innovative works the Technology Readiness Levels are used as a method of technology maturity description and a tool enabling a comparison between states of advancement in works on different technologies. It is a checklist including nine stages, specifying the readiness of new technology implementation in production conditions. According to this, the maturity of technology can be identified from the phase of conceptualization the solution (TRL 1) to the phase of maturity (TRL 9), when through the conducted scientific research and development works, it becomes a ready technological solution, able to be used in practice – for instance in running market production in real conditions. Multi-faceted qualities of multipurpose boat “Laura 14” related to the safety, its speed and the comfort of exploitation, as well as obtainment of the protection right of Polish Patent Office were the base to establish cooperation with the Agency for Regional Development of Lesser Poland.

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Coordination and propulsion and non-propulsion phases in 100 meters breaststroke swimming

Strzała M., Krężąłek P., Kucia-Czyszczoń K., Ostrowski A., Stanula A., Tyka A. K., Sagalara A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2014

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Vol. 16, no. 4

83--89

EN

Purpose: The main purpose of this study to analyze the coordination, propulsion and non-propulsion phases in the 100 meters breaststroke race. Methods: Twenty-seven male swimmers (15.7±1.98 years old) with the total body length (TBL) of 247.0±10.60 [cm] performed an all-out 100m breaststroke bout. The bouts were recorded with an underwater camera installed on a portable trolley. The swimming kinematic parameters, stroke rate (SR) and stroke length (SL), as well as the coordination indices based on propulsive or non-propulsive movement phases of the arms and legs were distinguished. Results: Swimming speed (V 100surface breast ) was associated with SL (R=0.41, p<0.05) and with TBL tending towards statistical significance (R=0.36, p<0.07), all relationships between the selected variables in the study were measured using partial correlations with controlled age. SL interplayed negatively with the limbs propulsive phase Overlap indicator (R=-0.46, p<0.05), but has no significant relationship to the non-propulsion Glide indicator. Conclusions: The propulsion in-sweep (AP3) phase of arms and their non-propulsion partial air recovery (ARair) phase interplayed with V 100surface breast (R=0.51, p<0.05 and 0.48 p<0.05) respectively, displaying the importance of proper execution of this phase (AP3) and in reducing the resistance recovery phases in consecutive ones.